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Study Guide: Exam 3
Reciprocity |
Feel obligated to return favors |
System justification |
High status groups justify being on top |
In-group |
Group observer belong to |
Out-group |
Group observer doesnt belong to |
Within- group assimilation |
Members of a group to be perceived as more similar than when viewed as aggregate of individuals |
Between-group contrast |
Members of different groups perceived as more different than when viewed as individuals |
Out-group homogeneous effect |
Out group seen as more homogeneous than in group |
Social identify theory |
Member of the superior groups have much more high self esteem, greater in group rewards,and more likely to use the system justification method |
Fein & spencer |
Not just bring in group up, also putting out group down |
Social influence |
Hows people behavior is affected by pressure from others |
How many types of social influences? And what are they? |
1. conformity
2. compliance
3. obedience |
Conformity |
Yielding to perceived group pressure by copying the behavior and/ or beliefs others |
Compliance |
Acting in accord with a request |
Obedience |
Performing an action in response to a direct order |
What was the sherif experiment about? |
Made series of judgements of how much the light moved around the room |
What type of social influence was Sherif experiment about? |
Conformity |
Auto kinetic effect |
The affect when someone stares at a stationary point of light in a dark room when there is no frame of reference |
What was Ash study about? |
Which three lines on the right was equal to the the length of the standard line |
What are the similarities of the Ash and Sherif study? |
Both were high levels of conformity & show power others have on our perception |
What social influence was related to Ash's study? |
Comformity |
What were the differences between Ash & Sherif's study? |
Sherif task was more difficult, the physical reality was ambigous & Ash's task was simple, the physical reality was very close |
Normative |
We fear the consequences of being deviant |
Informational influence |
We want to be correct in our judgements & look to others for reinsurance |
Foot-in-the-door technique |
Two step compliance technique in which the influencer starts with a small request, and then later follows this with a larger, less desirable request |
What social influence does the foot-in-the-door technique refer to? |
Compliance |
Door-in-the-face |
A two step- compliance technique in which, after having a larger request refused, the influencer offers a much smaller one |
Social norms |
An expected stander behavior and beliefs in a group |
Thats-not-all technique |
A two step compliance technique in which the influencer makes larger request, then immediately offers a discount or bonus before the initial request is refused |
Low- balling |
A two step compliance strategy in which the influencer secures agreements with a request by understating its true cost |
Consistency & commitment |
After we make a commitment we want to act consistently |
Low-ball is a form of what? |
Commitment |
Scarcity |
Opportunities seem more valuable when they are less available |
Command vs. request |
We often blindly obey authorities |
What was milligram's study about? |
The 150 volts study |
Group |
Several inter dependent people who have emtional ties and interact on a regular basis |
Stereotypes |
Set of beliefs and expectations about member of social group |
Generalization |
Ignores the possibility if individuals variation |
Prejudice |
Attitude towards members of specific social group that suggests they deserve inferior social status |
What is the difference between stereotypes and prejudice? |
The belief about specific groups, verses the attitude towards those groups |
Discrimination |
Negative action towards members of specific social group |
Hare Krishna's |
Chanting for donations |
What is a typical jury size in the U.S? |
12 or 6 |
What are the advantages of having a small jury? |
Its cheaper,faster, and easier |
Non-unanimous |
Once they have a certain number need to convict they are done |