PSY 20000:Chapter Two

ensation: physiological process that underlie information intake ........................................................................................................................... Perception: psychological process involved in the immediate organization and interpretation of sensations

flow of information that proceeds from the stimulus to the neural activity driven by this stimulus to its eventual identification ....................................................................................................................... the stimulus itself leads to a sensible percept

Take what we expect, know, and experience from a surrounding context to determine what we're sensing and subsequently perceiving. .......................................................................................................................... application of concepts to perception

(by Helmholtz) it emphasizes the role of active construction and interpretation in arriving at a 3-d percept of the world; empahsizes top-down processing; perception = problem solving

(by Gibson) emphasizes bottom-up processing- actual data being analyzed by visual mechanisms; what we perceive about the environment is perceived directly

cluster of knowledge

Our tendency to segregate visual scenes into a background and a figure that appears to be superimposed against that background

term for when participants, even when instructed to look for the local letter, couldn't help but to encode the general letter

experiences in which input from one sensory system produces an experience not only in that modality but in another as well. ................... ex. experience (#) 9 as orange

(by Proffitt) says that perception doesn't involve "thinking" as much as it involves the body "reacting." And the "reaction" is influenced by a variety of non-visual factors such as bodily state, emotional state, and a person's goals. ............................................................................................................................ "A principal function of perception is to defend people from having to think"

Our awareness of internal and external events

used when manipulating representations which has the potential to influence mental processing or behavior. (Processing info without being aware of processing it)

subjective awareness of what the mind is currently doing

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set of processes that leads us to attribute events to the entities that are thought to have caused them

access consciousness in the absence of phenomenal consciousness

tendency for the processing of one stimulus to enhance the speed at which another related stimulus is processed

Sub- below the threshold of detection ........................................................................................................................... Supra- above the threshold of conscious awareness

presentation is at level of exposure that participants can't guess above the chance levels

presentation is at level of exposure that participants do guess above the chance levels