CHEM 0120: Exam 3
47 Cards in this Set
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Br-, I-, Cl- soluble except with
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Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+
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Most SO42- are soluble except
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Ca+2 Sr+2 Ba+2 Ag+ Hg+ Pb+2
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Most CO2-3 are insoluble except
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Group IA and (NH4)2CO3
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Most P03-4 are insoluble except
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Group IA and NH+
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Most S2- are insoluble
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Group IA NH+
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Most OH- ARE INSOLUBLE except
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Group IA, Ca+2, Sr+2, Ba+2
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When delta G is less than 0
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always spontaneous
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deta H can either be <<0 or >>0 and still be
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spontaneous
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deLta S can either be <<0 or >>0 and still be
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spontaneous
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at low temps ___ control delta G and it wants to be negative
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delta H
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At high temps _____ control delta G and it wants to be positive
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delta s
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If k<<<1 reaction occurs
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r---->l
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if on a titration curve the equivalence points are at the same points that means
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they basically have same Kc
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If k>>1 reaction occurs
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L--->R
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if on a titration graph both curves are buffers at the same time means
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basically same initial concentration
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polyportic acids can serve as _____ solutions
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buffer
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if Q is smaller than K reaction will go
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L----->R
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if Q is smaller than K reaction will go
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R--->L
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when dealing with electrolysis you should include
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water in both cathode and anode to see which one is the most spontaneous
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Best reducing agents are the most ______ Ered on right side
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negative
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Best oxidizing agents are the most ______ Ered on left side
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positive
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A lewis ____ donates a electron pair to form a bond
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base
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in transition metal complexes
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ligand acts as a b-l base
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Conjugate base and acids differ by
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a loss or gain of a H+
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only _____ acid and its base makes a buffer
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weak
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the conjugate of a strong acid is
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a neutral species
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Group II nitrates are
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very soluble in water
BaSO4 is less soluble in water than MgSO4
Mg(OH)2 is less soluble in water than Ba(OH)2
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complex ions
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- ion complexes with water (hydration complexes) or nonmetals
- highly colored solutions
- improves transition metal solubility
- e.g. CuSO4 in water, Ag in ammonia
- complex splits d orbitals into two energy sublevels, leading to colored appearance
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if a reaction is reversible
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the rate going from L-->R equals R--->L
BUT rate constants don't equal
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buffer made with a low amt of strong acid and
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large amount of weak base
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if reacting with strong acid or strong base KC will most likely be
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high
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for polyportic acids the more H+ you have the _____ the KC
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Higher
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on a titration graph the more molar concentration you have the -______ the buffer will last
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longer
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N2H4
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is basic
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NaHCO3
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amphoteric
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cations drift to _____ in both galvanic and electrolytic cells
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cathode
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paramagnetic means
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unpaired electrons
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π2p MO have
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have higher energy than σ2s*
sideways overlap of two p atomic orbitals; have electron density below and above axis
each orbital can contain up to two electrons
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if a system is at equilibrium and more product is added than Q will become ______ than K for reaction
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larger
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if a system is at equilibrium and some reactant is removed than Q will become ______ than K for reaction
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larger
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active nonmetals normally has _____ Ered
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positive
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active metals have _____ Ered
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negative
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in MOs the _____ the orbitals are the more energy they have
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farther
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Catalysis _____ the Ea
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lowers
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using a catalysis ______ affect delta g delta h delta s
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doesnt
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Catalysis
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-increases the rate of the rxn without being consumed
-used in one step and regenerated in a later step.
-it is involved in the rate determining step and often appears in the rate law
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in order to have a large rate constant Ea need to be
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smaller
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CHEM 0120: Exam 1