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Payne Fund Studies
75% of films focus on love, sex, crime No connection with negative media effects on people First media study
People's Choice Study
Used control group method on president campaign Media contributed to reinforcement
Limited Effects
Joseph Klapper believed that media had little to no effects on people
War of Worlds
1938 1.7 million people thought true 1.2 were scared Media has/had strong effect on people
Legacy of Fear
Media effects pervert and upset social order
Selective Exposure
People only watch things that they agree with Goes with limited effects
Uses and Gratifications
Reasons for it: Learn Habit Companionship Arousal Relaxation Escape Pass Time Social Interaction
Multi-Step Flow Model
People are influenced by opinion leaders
Social Learning Theory
People learn from watching others Ex: Bobo Study
CUltivation Theory
Heavy TV watchers think what is on TV is in reality
Priming
Things in media make you thinks of something related to it
Catharsis
watching media can reduce feelings of anger research was disregarded because of false reactions
Critical Perspectives
Judge media through humane perspectives
Ceiling Effect
Statistical Pattern
Magic Bullet Theory
Media can influence a large group of people by sending them a uniformly and direct message

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