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ARTH 103: Exam 3 Early Medieval
Romanesque (style of art) |
c.1050-1200 (11th centuries)
superceeded by gothic art |
Pilgrimage and the Cult of Relics |
religious or spiritual journey
major pilgrimage destination- Santiago de compostela |
What is a Reliquary, what are they made of, and what time period are they from? |
object connected to a holy person/statue of faith
gold repousse
france late 9th century
ex:clothing,body parts, everyday items
house reliqs attract pilgrims
|
Who are the Normans, where are they from, and what are they known for? |
Descendants of Viking radars
Normandy
known for their strength |
William Duke of normandy "The Conqueror" |
c. 1028-1087
-illigitimate child (bastard) |
(slide)How was king Harold killed and when was the event? |
Battle of hastings
October 14, 1066
William conquered modern day England
|
Bishop Odo Blessing the Feast
|
Artist: -- From the Bayeux Embroidery
Date: 1066 - 1082
Period: Romanesque
Culture: England or France
Medium: Linen with wool
Location: Bayeux, France |
San etienne Caen (who was it built by,where, and when) |
church built by William the Conqueror
France
begun 1067 |
What type of church was San Etienne Caen? |
Pilgrimage church
Abbey church
One of the first churches to employ groin bolts (formed by the intersection of 2 barrel volts)
|
What is Romanesque Style known for and why? |
heavy and bulky look
churches are gods fortresses
engineering wasn't as advanced |
parts of basilica church plan |
Middle nave
Nave is crossed by transept
Ambulatory spaces
Crossing is located where the nave and the transept meet
On other side of the trancept the nave is called the choir |
How can you tell if a church was intended for Pilgrimages? |
If they contain chapels |
What are the three parts of the nave elevation ? (bottom to top) |
nave arcade
triforium gallery
clerestory |
What is the emphasis on with the Nave Elevations? |
balance
harmony
#3 |
Importance of sculpture in the church |
physical layout of the building is mirrored by its decoration
Entrance to church becomes a place for art ( sculpture
sculpture is secondary to architecture |
Diagram of a Romanesque Portal |
-tympanum: prominent semi-circular lunette above the doorway proper
-voussoirs: wedge-shaped blocks that together for the archivolts of the arch framing the tympanum
-lintel: the horizontal beam above the doorway
-trumeau: the center post supporting the lintel in the middle of the doorway
-jambs: the side posts of the doorway
*most common place for ensembles of stone figural reliefs to appear again |
Moissan Abbey |
12th century |
What is a Cloister? |
Exterior space for the monastic community |
(slide)Gialebertus |
The last judgement
Saint lazard
France
c. 1120-40
|
(slide)Pope Urban II |
1st crusade
1096-1099
an attempt to reconquer Jerusalem |