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BIOCHEM 501: Practice Exam
What is the nucleophile in DNA polymerase? |
3' OH |
WHat is the the nucleophile in DNA ligase? |
3'OH |
What is the nucleophile in RNA polymerase? |
3'OH |
What is the nucleophile in tyrosine recombinase? |
3'OH on the tyrosine |
Topoisoerase I nicks DNA using what nucleophile? |
tyrosine OH |
What does the DNA polymerase 3' to 5' exonuclease reognize? |
3' misincorporated nucleotides that fail to base pair with template |
Deamination of cytosine could lead to?
|
CG to TA transition mutation |
Can RNA/DNA polymerase initiate polynucleotide synthesis de novo? |
RNA always can
DNA never can |
A change in the type of sigma factor will change what? |
The type of genes that are transcribed |
mRNA 3' end processing involves: |
protein recognition of RNA sequence |
mRNA intron removal uses what nucleophile? |
2'oh and 3'oh |
Mis charging tRNA with an incorrect amno acid can lead to what? |
incorperation of the wrong amno acid during protein synthesis |
What do miRNAs do?
|
They down regulate expression of genes by cutting |
Are both tyrosine and serine recombinases using double stranded DNA? |
No |
What amino acids would most likely to be found on the surface of a protein? |
Asparagine, arginine, glutamine, lysine
(Positive charged) |
When do enzymes bind more tightly? |
Transition state |
What types of reverse inibitors of enzymes are there? |
Competitive, uncompetittive, mixed |
What does the michaelis menton equation describe? |
Hyperbolic function tlking about max velocity and K to talk about high tightly the enzyme binds |
Does a high or low Kcat/Km describe a catalytically efficient enzyme? |
High |
Primary active transport across a membrane occurs by |
Using ATP, a pump, a transporter |
What does a positive Delta G mean? |
the reaction is endergonic, the reaction is not favorable. |
What bonds can be oxidized/ broken for energy? |
C-H or C-C bonds |
Most of the oxygen we consume is turned into? |
Water |
What does uncoupling do? |
It prevents ATP formation |
WHere does the O2 made during photosynthesis come from? |
Water |
Is ubiquinone soluble in membranes? |
Yes |
What inhibits FA synthesis? |
palmitate |
What part of a lipoprotein is recognized by the LDL receptor? |
apolpoprotein |
Where is glycogen stored?
|
mucle, brain, liver |
What is the purpose of glycogen in muscles and most other cells? |
short term fuel source for the generation of ATP |
What does insulin stimulate? Why?
|
Glut4 to PM, FA synthesis Cholesterol synthesis, uptake of glucose
To lower blood sugar levels |
What is an insulin receptor?
|
Enxyme and hormone binding protein |
How do steroid hormones transmit their signals? |
Ligand activated receptors |
What inhibits pentose phosphate pathway |
NADPH |
What does F2,6 BP do? |
stimulates glycolysis (PFK1) and inhibits
gluconeogenisis (F 1,3 BP1) |