View
- Term
- Definition
- Both Sides
Study
- All (49)
Shortcut Show
Next
Prev
Flip
NUTR_S 2340: NUTRITION BASICS/ THE SCIENCE OF NUTRITION
Kcalories from fat
|
9
|
kcalories from CHO
|
4 |
kcalories from protein
|
4
|
What is nutrition?
|
-nutrire "to nourish"-nutrients, food, health, and disease, organism ingestion, digestion, absorption, transportation, utilization, and excretion
-process of being nourished and using food for growth and replacement of tissues
|
What are the causes of death in the US where diet plays a part?
|
diseases of the heart, cancer, cerebrovascular disease (stroke), diabetes, Alzheimer, kidney disease
|
What are the causes of death in the US where nutrition plays some role?
|
osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, some forms of cancer
|
What are the causes of death in the US where there is a strong nutrition component?
|
type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity
|
What are the causes of death in the US that are solely caused by nutrtion?
|
pellagra and scurvy
|
"Healthy People" is published every ___ years.
|
10 (last one was 2010, next one will be 2020)
|
What were the results of "Healthy People 2010"?
|
Americans achieved ~20% of government's national health goals for 2010.
|
What was the life expectancy ~100 years ago?
|
50-55 years old
|
What is the life expectancy today?
|
72 years males, 79 years females
|
What was the leading cause of death ~100 years ago?
|
infectious disease
|
What is the leading cause of death now?
|
heart disease
|
What major advances in medicine and health can account for the 50% increase in life expectancy since the early 1900s?
|
public sanitation practices, discovery of antibiotics, nutritional sciences
|
Nutrients |
any substance in food that they body can use to:
1. regulate body functions
2. build tissues
3. obtain energy
|
Essential nutrients
|
substances that must be obtained from diet because the body cannot make it (or make it in adequate amounts)
|
Foods-nutrients
|
diet substance taken in and assimilated by plant or animal to keep it alive and enable it to grow; contain nutrients
|
What are nutrients?
|
lipids, water, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins
|
What are macronutrients?
|
lipids, water, carbs, and proteins
|
Which nutrients are energy yielding?
|
lipids, carbs, and proteins
|
Which micronutrients do not yield energy?
|
vitamins and minerals
|
Which nutrients regulate body processes?
|
lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water
|
Which nutrients contribute to cell and body structure?
|
lipids, proteins, water, vitamins, and minerals
|
What are phytochemicals and zoochemicals?
|
physiologically active compounds found in food that provide benefits but are not essential
|
What are phytochemicals?
|
plant foods
|
What are zoochemicals?
|
foods of animal origin
|
What are the different categories of "functional foods"?
|
-Conventional foods
-Modified foods
-Medical foods
|
What is DSHEA?
|
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994; supplements do not require FDA approval or rigorous regulation; do not need to be proven effective if it is reasonably safe in the history of its use
|
All bodily processes require...
|
energy
|
We eat to obtain...
|
energy |
What is 1 kilocalorie?
|
the amount of heat energy that will raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1degreeC.
|
What is alcohol?
|
compound that yields energy
|
What is a calorie?
|
the amount of heat energy to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1degreeC
|
How many calories are in 1 kilocalories?
|
1000 calories
|
What is a Kcalorie?
|
a specific unit of measurement used by a nutritionist
|
What is a kilojoules?
|
SI unit; a mass of 1 g moving at a velocity of 1m/sec possesses the energy of 1 joule
|
What term should you use instead of kcal or cal?
|
energy |
What influences our food choices?
|
social needs; social network of family and friends; food customs and culture; food cost; education, occupation, and income; routines and habits; and lifestyle
|
What is nutrition a huge influence on?
|
getting a disease
|
What do genes dictate?
|
type and amount of nutrients that will be transformed and reassembled
|
Certain mutations increase the risk of...
|
other mutations
|
How do you test whether you have a mutation?
|
gene therapy and genetic testing
|
Why is there so much confusion with nutrition advice?
|
So many avenues of information
|
What has no legal definition?
|
nutritionist |
Who can you trust with nutrition advice?
|
registered dietitian, professional with advanced nutrition degree from a well-respected institution, government nutrition agencies, professional orgs (Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics-formerly ADA)
|
What are some nutrition government agencies?
|
National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); USDA; FDA; IOM/FNB (non-gov't); National Health and Drug Administration
|
What are the different types of studies done for nutrition?
|
epidemiological studies; animal studies; cell culture studies; human studies; peer-review of experimental results; double-blind
|
What are the colors in the color wheel?
|
red, orange, yellow, green, purple and blue, and white
|