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BIOL 3800: TEST 2
Identify A |
olfactory receptor cell
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Identify B |
taste receptor cell, auditory receptor cell, equilibrium receptor
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Identify C |
somatic receptors(skin, muscles, tendons): touch
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Identify D |
stretch receptor (tendons)
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Identify E |
bipolar cell
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Identify F |
unipolar cell
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Pacinian Corpuscles |
Funtion - vibration: pressure
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Peritrichial Arborization |
Function - fine touch: skin deformation
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Merkel's Disks |
Function - touch: skin deformation
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Meissner's Corpuscle |
Function - touch: skin deformation
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Genital Corpuscle |
Function - friction and vibration
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Stretch Receptors |
Function - muscle stretching (tension)
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"Hair Cells" mechanoreceptors with sterocilia |
Function - equilibrium and sound detection
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Identify 1
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fascilulus gracilis - conscious touch sensations from lower body; proprioception
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Identify 2
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fasciculus cuneatus - conscious touch sensations from upper body; proprioception
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Identify 3
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dorsal root - sensory signals into spinal cord
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Identify 4
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dorsal root ganglion - contains all unipolar cells that form special receptor endings in periphery
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Identify 5 |
location of motor neurons
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Identify 6
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central canal - contains cerebrospinal fluid
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Identify 7
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lateral cortico-spinal tract - voluntary movements
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Identify 8
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rubro-spinal tract - posture control
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Identify 9
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lateral spino-thalamic tract - pain and temperature
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Identify 10
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ventral root - carries motor axons with signals to muscles
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Identify 12
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spino-cerebellar tract - non-conscious information from skin, muscle, and tendons via spinal circuits to cerebellum (muscle coordination)
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Proprioception
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knowledge of position and movement of muscles and skeleton (“body-sense”)
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How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves? |
8
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How many pairs of thoracic spinal nerves? |
12
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How many pairs of lumbar spinal nerves? |
5
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How many pairs of sacral spinal nerves? |
5 |
How many pairs of coccygeal spinal nerves? |
1
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Renshaw cell |
Inhibitory interneurons found in the gray matter of the spinal cord, and are associated in two ways with an alpha motor neuron.
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The Forebrain consists of... |
The Forebrain consists of... |
The Midbrain consists of... |
The Mesencephalon
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The Hindbrain consists of... |
The Metencephalon and the Myelencephalon
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The Telencephalon consists of... |
the Pallium, the Basal Nuclei, and the Rhinencephalon
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The Diencephalon consists of... |
the Thalamus and the Hypothalamus
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The Mesencephalon consists of... |
Tectum |
The Metencephalon consists of... |
the Pons and the Cerebellum
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The Myelencephalon consists of... |
the Medulla
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What is the function of the Pallium? |
higher functions, abstraction, planning
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What is the function of the Basal Nuclei? |
learned motor patterns
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What is the function of the Rhinencephalon? |
olfaction, half of the limbic system, memory organization(hippocampus)
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What is the function of the Thalamus? |
pre-cortical processing center for all sensory input except olfaction
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What is the function of the Hypothalamus? |
core temperature regulation, ionic homeostasis, control of pituitary with releasing hormones, pleasure and displeasure centers, hunger, thirst
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What is the function of the Tectum? |
reflex visual and conscious auditory processing, cranial nerve nuclei
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What is the function of the Pons? |
cranial nerve nuclei, respiratory centers, reticular formation
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What is the function of the Cerebellum? |
subconscious muscle coordination, compares intent of basal nuclei with performance of body and makes subconscious corrections
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What is the function of the Medulla? |
cranial nerve nuclei, cardiac accelerator centers, centers for vasomotor centers, vomiting, coughing, salivation, reticular formation
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What is the function of Area 1? |
primary somatosensory cortex
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What is the function of Area 2? |
primary somatosensory cortex
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What is the function of Area 3? |
primary somatosensory cortex
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What is the function of Area 5? |
association area (between tactile and visual images)
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What is the function of area 7? |
association area (between tactile and visual images)
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What is the function of area 10? |
discipline, planning, organizing, "control, personality
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What is the function of area 17? |
primary visual cortex (conscious vision)
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What is the function of area 18? |
visual association area; interpretation of images?
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What is the function of area 41? |
primary audio cortex (identification and interpretation of sound)
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What is the function of area 44? |
Broca's Speech Area; articulation (only one hemisphere, left hemisphere in 90% of humans)
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Autocrine Secretions |
affect the secreting cell itself
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Paracrine Secretions |
affect neighboring cells
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Endocrine Secretions |
are released into the bloodstreem and act on distant target tissues
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Exocrine secretions |
are released onto the surface of the body, including lumen of gut
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Pheromones |
are exocrine secretions that target another animal
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