BIOL 3800: TEST 2
63 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
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Identify A
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olfactory receptor cell
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Identify B
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taste receptor cell, auditory receptor cell, equilibrium receptor
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Identify C
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somatic receptors(skin, muscles, tendons): touch
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Identify D
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stretch receptor (tendons)
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Identify E
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bipolar cell
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Identify F
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unipolar cell
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Pacinian Corpuscles
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Funtion - vibration: pressure
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Peritrichial Arborization
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Function - fine touch: skin deformation
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Merkel's Disks
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Function - touch: skin deformation
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Meissner's Corpuscle
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Function - touch: skin deformation
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Genital Corpuscle
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Function - friction and vibration
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Stretch Receptors
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Function - muscle stretching (tension)
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"Hair Cells" mechanoreceptors with sterocilia
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Function - equilibrium and sound detection
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Identify 1
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fascilulus gracilis - conscious touch sensations from lower body; proprioception
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Identify 2
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fasciculus cuneatus - conscious touch sensations from upper body; proprioception
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Identify 3
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dorsal root - sensory signals into spinal cord
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Identify 4
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dorsal root ganglion - contains all unipolar cells that form special receptor endings in periphery
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Identify 5
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location of motor neurons
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Identify 6
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central canal - contains cerebrospinal fluid
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Identify 7
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lateral cortico-spinal tract - voluntary movements
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Identify 8
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rubro-spinal tract - posture control
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Identify 9
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lateral spino-thalamic tract - pain and temperature
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Identify 10
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ventral root - carries motor axons with signals to muscles
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Identify 12
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spino-cerebellar tract - non-conscious information from skin, muscle, and tendons via spinal circuits to cerebellum (muscle coordination)
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Proprioception
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knowledge of position and movement of muscles and skeleton (“body-sense”)
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How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves?
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8
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How many pairs of thoracic spinal nerves?
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12
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How many pairs of lumbar spinal nerves?
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5
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How many pairs of sacral spinal nerves?
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5
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How many pairs of coccygeal spinal nerves?
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1
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Renshaw cell
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Inhibitory interneurons found in the gray matter of the spinal cord, and are associated in two ways with an alpha motor neuron.
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The Forebrain consists of...
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The Forebrain consists of...
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The Midbrain consists of...
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The Mesencephalon
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The Hindbrain consists of...
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The Metencephalon and the Myelencephalon
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The Telencephalon consists of...
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the Pallium, the Basal Nuclei, and the Rhinencephalon
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The Diencephalon consists of...
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the Thalamus and the Hypothalamus
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The Mesencephalon consists of...
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Tectum
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The Metencephalon consists of...
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the Pons and the Cerebellum
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The Myelencephalon consists of...
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the Medulla
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What is the function of the Pallium?
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higher functions, abstraction, planning
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What is the function of the Basal Nuclei?
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learned motor patterns
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What is the function of the Rhinencephalon?
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olfaction, half of the limbic system, memory organization(hippocampus)
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What is the function of the Thalamus?
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pre-cortical processing center for all sensory input except olfaction
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What is the function of the Hypothalamus?
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core temperature regulation, ionic homeostasis, control of pituitary with releasing hormones, pleasure and displeasure centers, hunger, thirst
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What is the function of the Tectum?
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reflex visual and conscious auditory processing, cranial nerve nuclei
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What is the function of the Pons?
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cranial nerve nuclei, respiratory centers, reticular formation
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What is the function of the Cerebellum?
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subconscious muscle coordination, compares intent of basal nuclei with performance of body and makes subconscious corrections
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What is the function of the Medulla?
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cranial nerve nuclei, cardiac accelerator centers, centers for vasomotor centers, vomiting, coughing, salivation, reticular formation
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What is the function of Area 1?
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primary somatosensory cortex
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What is the function of Area 2?
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primary somatosensory cortex
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What is the function of Area 3?
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primary somatosensory cortex
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What is the function of Area 5?
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association area (between tactile and visual images)
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What is the function of area 7?
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association area (between tactile and visual images)
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What is the function of area 10?
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discipline, planning, organizing, "control, personality
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What is the function of area 17?
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primary visual cortex (conscious vision)
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What is the function of area 18?
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visual association area; interpretation of images?
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What is the function of area 41?
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primary audio cortex (identification and interpretation of sound)
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What is the function of area 44?
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Broca's Speech Area; articulation (only one hemisphere, left hemisphere in 90% of humans)
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Autocrine Secretions
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affect the secreting cell itself
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Paracrine Secretions
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affect neighboring cells
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Endocrine Secretions
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are released into the bloodstreem and act on distant target tissues
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Exocrine secretions
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are released onto the surface of the body, including lumen of gut
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Pheromones
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are exocrine secretions that target another animal
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BIOL 3800: TEST 2