(A) The atomic dipole configuration for adiamagnetic material with and without amagnetic field. In the absence of an externalfield, no dipoles exist; in the presence of afield, dipoles are induced that are alignedopposite to the field direction. (B) Atomic dipole configuration with and without an external magnetic field for a paramagnetic material.H - OH - O(A)HH(B)Figure by MIT OCW.Magnetic Induction(Flux Density)Magnetic FieldStrengthPermeability ofa VacuumRelative PermeabilitySusceptibilityBHM (SI)I (cgs-emu)µ0µ' (cgs-emu)µr (SI)χm (SI)χ'm (cgs-emu)tesla (Wb/m2)*amp-turn/mamp-turn/mhenry/m**UnitlessUnitlessUnitlessUnitless UnitlessUnitlesskg-m/C2C/m-sC/m-skg/s-C gaussoerstedmaxwell/cm2Unitless (emu)1 Wb/m2 = 104 gauss1 amp-turn/m = 4π 1 amp-turn/m = 10-310-3 oerstedmaxwell/cm24π x 10-7 henry/m= 1 emuµr = µ'χm = 4πχ'm*Units of the weber (Wb) are volt-seconds.**Units of the henry are webers per ampere.MagnetizationMagnetic Units and Conversion Factors for the SI and cgs-emu SystemsSI UnitsQuantity Symbol Derived Primary cgs-emu Unit ConversionxFigure by MIT OCW.Aluminum oxideCopperGoldMercurySiliconSilverSodium chlorideZinc-1.81 x 10-5-0.96 x 10-5-3.44 x 10-5-0.41 x 10-5-2.38 x 10-5-2.85 x 10-5-1.41 x 10-5-1.56 x 10-5AluminumChromiumChromium chlorideManganese sulfateMolybdenumSodiumTitaniumZirconium2.07 x 10-53.13 x 10-41.51 x 10-33.70 x 10-31.19 x 10-4 8.48 x 10-61.81 x 10-41.09 x 10-4Room-Temperature Magnetic Susceptibilities forDiamagnetic and Paramagnetic MaterialsDiamagneticsParamagneticsMaterial MaterialSusceptibility χn(volume)Susceptibilityχn (volume)(SI units)(SI units)Figure by MIT OCW.Magnetic materials in materials science & engineeringCourtesy of Professor Robert O'Handley. Used with
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