Name_________________Name_________________ Biology 170: Make-up/Replacement Exam Multiple choice (2 pts each). Mark (bubble-in) the correct answer on your scantron. 1. In animal cells, DNA is found in which locations: a. mitochrondria b. nucleus c. ribosomes d. a and b 2. The phylogenetic species concept defines species as: a. Populations that can and do freely interbreed, and are reproductively isolated from other such populations. b. Populations that form the smallest cluster or group that form a monophyletic grouping. c. Both a and b d. None of the above 3. Which of the following is an example (or are examples) of prezygotic reproductive barrier? a. Zygote inviability b. Hybrid disadvantage c. Hybrid sterility d. a, b and c e. None of the Above 4. Arrange the following taxonomic categories in their hierarchical order from highest to lowest (left to right): Genus, Family, Class, Order, Phylum. a. Order, Phylum, Class, Family, Genus b. Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus c. Class, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus d. Phylum, Order, Class, Genus, Family 5. Which of the following is an example (or are examples) of intersexual choice? a. female widowbirds choosing to mate with males with long tails b. male pipefish choosing larger females c. male elephant seals fighting for control of a female harem d. b and c e. a and b6. Which of the following Phyla have radial symmetry? a. Ctenophora (comb jellies) b. Arthropoda (insects, spiders, crustaceans) c. Cnidaria (jellyfish, anemones, and corals) d. Mollusca (clams, squid, octopus, and snails) e. a and c 7. Which of the following is an example (or are examples) of intrasexual ("within sex") competition? a. female widowbirds choosing to mate with males with long tails b. male pipefish choosing larger females c. male elephant seals fighting for control of a female harem d. b and c e. a and b 8. Which of the following are dissimilar in ant and termite societies? a. Chemical trails used to recruit workers b. Sex of the workers in colony c. Caste determination d. b and c 9. All of the following are sources of genetic variation for evolution, except: a. mutation b. recombination c. natural selection d. gene flow 10. Which of the following are ways that animals obtain energy and nutrients? a. Symbiotically from algae b. By eating the feces of other animals c. By farming and consuming fungi d. From symbiotic bacteria that metabolize H2S (Hydrogen sulfide) e. All of the above 11. ___________________ selects for individuals that are at the two ends of a population distribution. For instance, in a hypothetical population of birds with different wing sizes, this type of selection selects for individuals with very large and very small wings. a. Directional selection b. Stabilizing selection c. Disruptive selection d. Genetic drift12. Euglandina, a snail, caused the extinction of species of native snails in the genus Partula on the island of Morea. By what mechanism did these extinctions occur? a. Habitat destruction b. Predation c. Pollution d. Competition 13. ________ is when changes in gene frequencies (evolution) occur because of chance events (sampling errors) that occur when populations are finite in size (small). a. Mutation b. Natural selection c. Sexual selection d. None of the above 14. Within the Bilateria which of the following characters does not distinguish the Protostomes (mollusks, annelids, arthropods) from the Deuterostomes (echinoderms, chordates)? a. Protostomes have spiral and determinate cleavage while Deuterostomes have radial and indeterminate cleavage b. In Protostomes solid masses of mesoderm give rise to coelom, in Deuterostomes folds of archenteron form coelom c. In Protostomes there are two tissue layers, in Deuterostomes there are three tissue layers d. In Protostomes the mouth develops from blastopore, in Deuterostomes the anus develops from blastopore 15. All of the follow are unique mammalian characters, EXCEPT: a. Hair b. True mammary glands c. amniotic egg 16. Rank the following animal groups from greatest to least (left to right) in the number of described species: Mammalia (mammals), Aves (Birds), Mollusca (clams, snails, etc), and Insecta. a. Insecta, Aves, Mammalia, Mollusca b. Mollusca, Aves, Insecta, Mammalia c. Insecta, Mollusca, Aves, Mammalia d. Mammalia, Aves, Insecta, Mollusca17. Looking at living vertebrates, which of the following is unique to birds and mammals? a. live-bearing b. amniotic egg c. four-chambered heart d. endothermic 18. Which of the following lineages of fish gave rise to tetrapods (terrestrial vertebrates)? a. chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) b. dipnoi (lung fish) c. sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) d. myxini (hagfish) 19. Why do we not have a more precise estimate of the number of animal species on earth? a. Species that are similar in appearance may only be distinguished using molecular data b. many species are as yet un-described c. many regions of the earth have not been thoroughly explored d. sometimes the same species gets two names so is counted twice e. All of the above 20. Which of the following phyla is thought to have evolved first? a. Arthropoda (insects, spiders, crustaceans, etc.) b. Mollusca (clams, snails, squids, etc.) c. Echinodermata (starfish, urchins, sea cucumbers) d. Cnidaria (jellyfish, anemones, etc.) 21. Which of the following allow snakes to eat large prey? a. A long, swivel-like quadrate bone that allows for the extension of the mandibles (lower jaw bones) b. fused mandibles (lower jaw bones are fused) c. strong jaws and teeth for crushing and tearing d. a gizzard e. none of the above 22. Which theory proposes that the number of species at a site is determined by the balancing of rates of immigration of species to that site with the local extinction of species already present? a. Stability-Time Hypothesis b. Pleistocene Forest Refugia Hypothesis c. Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography d. Periodic Extinction Hypothesis23. All of the following are ways mammals communicate EXCEPT: a. visual signals b. auditory (sound) signals c. electric signals d. olfactory (smell) signals e. none of the above (meaning, that all are ways mammals communicate) 24. Which of the following are not methods that invertebrates have employed to escape predators? a. Warning coloration b. Feeding in the daytime c. Crypsis and camouflage d.