11CS 343: Artificial IntelligenceNatural Language ProcessingRaymond J. MooneyUniversity of Texas at AustinNatural Language Processing• NLP is the branch of computer science focused on developing systems that allow computers to communicate with people using everyday language.• Also called Computational Linguistics– Also concerns how computational methods can aid the understanding of human language23Communication• The goal in the production and comprehension of natural language is communication.• Communication for the speaker:– Intention: Decide when and what information should be transmitted (a.k.a. strategic generation). May require planning and reasoning about agents’ goals and beliefs.– Generation: Translate the information to be communicated (in internal logical representation or “language of thought”) into string of words in desired natural language (a.k.a. tactical generation).– Synthesis: Output the string in desired modality, text or speech.4Communication (cont)• Communication for the hearer:– Perception: Map input modality to a string of words, e.g. optical character recognition (OCR) or speech recognition.– Analysis: Determine the information content of the string.• Syntactic interpretation (parsing): Find the correct parse tree showing the phrase structure of the string.• Semantic Interpretation: Extract the (literal) meaning of the string (logical form).• Pragmatic Interpretation: Consider effect of the overall context on altering the literal meaning of a sentence.– Incorporation: Decide whether or not to believe the content of the string and add it to the KB.5Communication (cont)ERROR: rangecheckOFFENDING COMMAND: getSTACK:1 [[-174 -285 1028 953 ]]0 /descender [("The wumpus is dead")]-savelevel-
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