MUSC 110 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I. Chapter 1: Introduction to ListeningII. The Language of MusicIII. 4 Notes That Changed the WorldOutline of Current Lecture II. Chapter 1: Introduction to ListeningIII. Chapter 2: Rhythm, Melody, & HarmonyIV. Elements of RhythmV. Rhythmic NotationCurrent LectureChapter 1The Power of Music: “To control the people, control the music.” –PlatoIntroduction to Listening- What role does music play in your life?- Why is music so universally appealing?Classical Music- “high art” or “learned” music- timeless qualities- emphasizes instrumental music- precise notation- acoustic instruments- lengthy & varied in mood- abstract pattern soundsPopular Music- appeals to a large population- contemporary issues of life- emphasizes vocal musicThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- electrically amplified instruments- short & conveys a single mood- emphasis on the beatHow does Classical Music work?- Seated audience- High ceilings- Lots of speakers- Dark/crazy lightingGenre- type of music (classical, blues, R&B, jazz, country, Latin, pop, symphony)Opera Houses – opera, balletConcert Halls – symphony, concerto, oratorioChamber Halls – art song, string quartet, piano sonataStyles of Classical Music- 476-1450: The Middle Ages- 1450-1600: Renaissance- 1600-1750: Baroque Era  4 main- 1750-1820: Classical Era  eras of - 1820-1900: Romantic Era  classical- 1880-1920: Impressionist Era- 1900-1985: Modern Era (or 20th century)  music- 1945-present: Postmodern EraThe Language of Music: - Music is a means of communication.- Music can convey any emotion.- Music has been a part of our lives since infancy.- We really learn to appreciate music when we learn why!Where & How to Listen to Music:Where: CD sets, downloads, streaming music from eBook/coursemate, sites and apps youtube, iTunes, live music, or making music yourselfHow: Become a Good Listener1. Learn how music works.2. Improve your musical memory.3. Focus on music, not just the lyrics.4. Practice!4 Notes That Changed the World:- Listen to the opening of Beethoven’s 5th symphonyo Listen for the ever-changing appearance of the four-note motiveMotive- a short, distinct musical figureSymphony- an instrumental genre for orchestraOrchestra- a large ensemble of acoustic instrumentsMovement- a large independent section of a major instrumental workChapter 2: Rhythm, Melody, & HarmonyRhythm- the organization of time in music- Gives shape or profile to the melody- Provides vitality & definition to a melody- Divides long spans of time into smaller, more easily comprehendible units*Rhythm is the most fundamental element of music.Elements of Rhythm:Beat- a regularly recurring sound that divides the passing to time into equal units; the basic pulse of musicTempo- speed @ which the beat sounds (10-240 bmp)- accelerando: speeding up- ritardando (Ritard): slowing downmeter- organizing beats into groupsmeasure- each group of beatsdownbeat- first beat in each measureaccent- emphasis or stress placed on a pitch or toneRhythmic Notation:Whole note = 2 half notes (4 beats)Half note = 2 quarter notes (2 beats)Quarter note = 2 eighth notes (1 beat)Eighth note = 2 sixteenth notes (1/2 beat)Syncopation- when the accent is on the weak beat or between beats.- creates a feeling of being “off beat”- often heard in jazz, Latin music, & hip-hopmelody- a series of notes arranged in order to form a distinctive, recognizable musical unit; “thetune”pitch- the relative position (high or low) of a musical soundoctave- span between the 1st and the 8th note of a scaleinterval- the distance between any 2 pitches (numerical)staff- grid work of 5 lines and 4 spaces where music is written*noteheads and flags SHOW DIFFERENT durations and rhythms.Clef- indicates the range of pitchesScale- sequential arrangement of pitches- ascend & descend in an unvarying pattern- mode: term describing a general type of scale – major or minor*Major and minor scales used in almost all Western melodies can hint @ the emotion of the work.Major- 7-note scale- order of whole & half steps: 1-1-1/2-1-1-1-1/2- usually associated with joy, confidence, tranquility, happinessminor- 7-note scale- order of whole & half steps: 1-1/2-1-1-1/2-1-1- usually associated with fear, anxiety, sorrow, despairharmony- sounds that provide the support and enrichment – an accompaniment - for melody- built on chords: a group of 2 or more pitches that sound @ the same time- triad: the basic chord in Western musico tonic- 1st note of the scaleo dominant- 5th note of the scaleconsonance- pitches sounding agreeable & stable- creates a sense of calmdissonance- pitches sounding momentarily disagreeable and unstable- creates a sense of tension & anxiety*Consonance and dissonance allow music to convey a wide range of emotion and has always played a large role in music being accepted or