Final Exam Study Guide Lectures 1 6 Lecture 1 Gender Stratification in Industrial States What is gender stratification Is there an overall difference in the standard trends and rules in how women and men are to behave What are some possible explanations for why could this be What are some ways cultures limit women Is there a big difference between the United States and other countries around the globe when it comes to gender stratification Gender stratification is there is a divided difference between genders of social resources YES there is a huge difference between women and men in treatment of behaviors For majority of cultures women are restricted and frowned upon more than men when it comes to certain behaviors Such examples include premarital sex extramarital affairs and polygony Why Possibly that is because majority of cultures are patriarchal the line of the family goes through the father men majority of the time are in charge of public responsibilities like politics and religion while women are not as involved and mostly stay at home to raise the family domestic ANTH 205 Some ways cultures limit women is by foot binding as a way to limit women from going far from the household Female genital mutilation is another way to limit women by cutting or taking out genitals in order to control sexual intercourse There IS a difference between the U S and other countries when it comes to gender stratification and surprisingly the U S is relatively far behind The U S is very slow in it s gender equality especially when it comes to equal salary This is possibly because gender socialization kids learn growing up what is expected of their gender role women just choosing to work at home or jobs that are naturally of lesser pay Another reason may be because the U S has a background history of being an agricultural society when men are mostly making the food there tends to be a bigger gap in gender stratification However the U S is slowly changing toward women and men having complete equality Lecture 2 Globalization What is globalization What is a big leading force behind it What is the world systems theory Name the three nation state types What are some problems un contacted tribes are going through with globalization How does this relate to the Yanomami Globalization is making modern and more advanced countries industrial more connected to and partially dependent on less advanced countries A HUGE force behind this is more advanced technology for they are more able to exploit those other countries The advanced countries make a profit from these poorer nations through controlling their economy and capitalism World systems theory is by the industrial countries controlling the economy and political atmosphere so much so they create inequality standards among the people especially through socioeconomic differences The three nation state types Core the dominant powerful Peripheral dominated societies Semi peripheral partially industrialized countries Some problems un contacted tribes are going are disease killing many of the populations losing traditional cultural practices and their land is being taken away The Yanomami have lost many many people due to disease introduced to them through foreigners Gold miners have come in and are slowly taking away and clearing their land They are slowly losing their traditional cultural practices and ideologies due to contact with the miners Lecture 3 The Yanomami Where do the Yanomami live About how big is the tribe Who is the famous anthropologist who studied them Describe the subsistence of the Yanomami in relation to their environment However what is 80 of their diet What crop is the only one mainly protected Describe the technology of the Yanomami What is their religion like Describe their social organization Why are alliances and trading important The Yanomami live in northern Brazil The tribe is about 26 000 people divided among about 250 villages Anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon studied the Yanomami The Yanomami forage in the rainforest fruits vegetables and animals such as monkeys and armadillo However majority of their diet about 80 is non intensive horticulture planting in village gardens crops such as plantains like bananas Tobacco is the only crop that is highly protected among the people by a fence Their technology is relatively simple with bows and arrows made from palm wood and tips dipped in curare poison baskets and half open building circling the entire village The Yanomami religion is a mix of animism and spirituality They believe there are four layers to the universe and the jaguar is a highly important figure especially in teaching people lessons The social organization is egalitarian though most of the time there is a headman who is a lead person in handling trade between other villages There is gender segregation with men controlling most of society Alliances are important for it makes it easier fro families to move out of villages in case of disagreements among a village and marriage arrangements Also allows for trade among villages especially when a village has a specialty such as curare and for feasting among villages Lecture 4 The Tiwi Colonization What is a capitalist world economy Compare colonialism and imperialism Describe the first phase of modern colonization Describe the second phase of modern colonization What happened when the Europe contacted the Aborigines What happened when the Palawa were contacted How do the Tiwi fit into the modern world system Capitalist world economy is a system where the primary focus is for big profit by making trading items Colonialism is near total domination by a foreign country by controlling nearly all aspects of society including politics and economics Especially considered an actual act of controlling a foreign land Imperialism on the other hand is policy of controlling a foreign country and implementing colonies there Considered an ideology First phase is the European Age of Discovery 1492 1825 made especially possible by advanced technology weapons cannons navigation ships Second phase 1850 1950 was primarily done by Britain and France peaking in 1914 when about 85 of the world was controlled by European empires When the British contacted the Aborigines in 1788 roughly 60 90 of the population died within ten years due to disease such as small pox Being so weak from disease the Aboriginal society became dominated almost easily by the British politically and socially The British made