Differ from Scyphozoa bc 1 Square Shape 2 No strobilization instead polyps bud off 3 has a lensed eye Hydrotheca yield protection Menubrium Muscular piece associated w mouth all mostly contained w in bell Scyphozoans menubrium extends below the bell Velum Membrane under bell only in Hydrozoans 1 Gonozooids 2 Gastrozooids 3 Dactylozooids 1 Repro 2 Feeding 3 Defense 3 Orders of Hydrozoans Hydroidia Siphonophora Hydrocorillina 3 Polyp Types Gastrozooids Feeding Gonozooids Repro Dactylozooids Defense 4 Classes of Cnidaria Scyphozoa Cubozoa Anthozoa Hydrozoa Acontia have Nematocysts secretory cells extend outside body Funct Digestion Defense Adradial Canal straight line approach yields nutrients to cell All Cnidarians secrete Cnidae a nettle stinging thread Amoebocytes are similar to Archeocytes funt everything Amoebocytes Funct Digest hold move nutrients wound repair antibiotic defense Asexual Methods Strobilation Budding Bowlus wtr w in tentacles Budding Characteristics Grow new appendages then bud that Polyp Dominant equally medusa to never a medusa Solitary Benthic Complex Nerve Syst No Centralization Budding No Strobilization Nematocyst is in epidermis only and not w in Gastrodermal tissue no cells w in mesoglea Characteristics Lensed eye Rhopalia 4 tentacles s 90 Square shape Nemotocysts vry toxic Primitive but complex No Strobilization Circular Mitochondrial DNA one cell engulf another cell simbiont Links it w Protista Other Cnidaria have linear Class Anthozoa Sea Anomone Corals Lack medusa stage Operculum Cnidocil Circular Mitochondrial DNA Links it w Protista Most Dioescious Carnivores Nematocysts tentacles grab move Class Cubozoa Sea Wasps More advanced than Scyphozoa Class Hydrozoans incl Hydrocorillina Hydra Obelia Paneria etc Classify Multicellular Diploblastic Usually Radially symmetrical Tissue level of organization Cnidae Funct Defense Mechanism Collect food Locomotion kinda Cnidae may wrap around small obj s stick penetrate surfaces w toxins Cnidarian Characteristics Tentacles surround mouth one opening mouth is anus too Cnidarians examples Sea anomone Jellyfish Coral scyphazoans hydrozoans Cnidoblasts organelle secreted w in cells nematoblasts Cnidocyte Cell Type of Porteguese Man of War Coelenteron Gastrovascular cavity thts parted by Mesentaries septa distinct sheets of tissue Corals 2 subclasses Describe Repro Subclass Hexacorallia Zoantharia Subclass Octocorallia Alcyonaria Medusa egg larva settles polyp growth planula larva skyphostoma strobila strobilization Ephyra if buds one egg many organisms Dioecious Gonochoristic separate sexes Diploblastic 2 Germ Layers epidermis skin Gastrodermis gut Distinguishing Feature Lensed Eye Ex Obelia Colonial A thecate Hydroid Gastrovascular Canal Syst Bring food in digests in pouches nutrients transported throughout Gonotheca Reproducing polyp Hermatypic Corals Host which allows there survival in nutrient depleted waters 20 deg N to 20 deg S Photic Zone 50m z Host Zooxanthelae simbiont photosynthetic intake CO2 N Wastes and excrete fatty acids lipid amino acids and glucose nutrients to coral loose flagella Zooxanthellae How Cubozoa Schyphozoa similar Both have Ocelli Retina Cells Hydranth organism itself body Interradial Canals Fork ends Lens of Ocellus Senses Light Link betw Porifera and Cnidarians bc Porifera have Archeocytes Cnidarians have Amoebocytes similar cell types Link betw Protista and Porifera bc Similar Cell Types Porifera Archeocytes Protista Choanocytes Manubrium muscular cylinder w mouth at its end Mesentary contain longitudinal retractor muscles and bear gonads Mesoglea layer Pre mesoderm nonliving but may contain living cells called Ameobocytes from embryonic ectoderm Moniecious Hermaphroditic Male Female processes occur at separate or same time Mouth opens into instead of into gastrovascular cavity Pharynx Movement most sedentary Slow few mm min some travel on top of other invertebrates some free swm for short bursts Nematocysts 1 of 3 types of Cnidae Obelia Life Cycle Medusa Eggs Planula Larvae tht settle produce a polyp Budding No Strobilization Colony Obelia A Thecate w o Hydrotheca velum menubrium w in bell Medusa Bud off the reproducing polyps Ocelli another sense organ Light receptor Order Hydrocorallina Fire Corals All Colonial Coral Reefs Photic zone warm wtr Simbiont loosed flagella Nematocysts Exceptions Exist Order Hydroidia Marine all gonochoristic has velum most colonial Order Scleractinia Scleractinain or hard corals intense CaCO3 skeleton Order Siphonophora Porteguese man of war Colonial other Anthozoans have Catch tentacles Perradial Canals fork handle Pinnate Tentacles have many lateral outfoldings called pinnules rare feature in other anthozoans Planula Larvae Free swmer bilateral ciliated Pneumatophore Airsack for floatation w hydrozoan community attached below open ocean organism Porifera Sponges Porteguese Man of War Trigger toxins excreted Nematocystbeaded areas on tentacles Protista Protozoans multicellular Repro Most Dioescious Polyp Gametes egg Planula Larvae Polyp Most Asexual repro longitudinal or transverse fission Retina Cells Light Sensative pigment Rhopalia Cell Structure Funct Stability and light receptor Rhopalia Lensed eye near tentacles Stability Light receptor Scyphozoa Characteristics Medusa dominant true jellyfish Nematocyst tentacles 4 gastric pouches Gastrovascular Canal Syst Rhopalia cell structure most Dioecious Sensory Fibers Lens ability to envision predators Septa infoldings of garstroderm mesoglea Yields an INC in SURFACE AREA helps digest abs nutrients Siphonoglyph Ciliated grooves in pharyngeal wall tht leads to mouth UNIQUE TO ANTHOZOANS Siphonophora ex Vallella By the wind sailor small bladder colonial skyphostoma Soft Corals Some Anthozoans have Acrorhagi have polyps inside mesoglea OR supported by proteinaceous or calcareous internal skeletons ex Sea fans sea whips pipe corals spherical bulge at ends of tentacles have potent nematocysts Funct Defense ex against invasion of other anomone from ex same species Statocyst Stablizing Calcareos structure tiny bones tht normally falls off space Statocysts organelle tht yields stability strobila Strobilation Layers of itself exist old layerstop young layers bottom system attached to substrate peel off layers a free swmer Ephyra 1 egg 1 organism Subclass Hexacorallia tentacles in multiples of 6 6 pairs of primary mesenteries 1 siphonoglyphs assoc w pharynx many solitary lack protective covering ex Metridium