GEO 102 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. What is Science Outline of Current Lecture II. ElementsA. Atomic numbersIII. Bond Typesa. Van Der Waals ForceIV. MoleculesV. MineralsCurrent LectureWhat the Earth is made ofElements (categories of atoms)-number of protons determines what the element is-Atomic number-The number of electrons determines what other elements an atom can bond with-valence electrons-ions-Electrons are really important. Where the charge imbalance comes from.-Neutrons (plus protons) determines the weight(atomic mass)Bond Types-Ionic Bonding- Giving up electrons-Covalent Bonding- Sharing electrons-Metallic Bonding- Transferring back and forth freelyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Electricity-Van Der Waals Force-Attraction between positive and negative charges on opposite side of a crystal.Isotopes-Isotope-never changes-mass is the main difference between isotopes of the same element-Radioactive Isotope-Decays into other elements-releases radioactivity in the process-occurs at a predictable rate-age-datingMolecules-atoms held together by bonds-smallest unit of matter above atoms-only certain patterns are possible-some elements come together in a fixed pattern they are mineralsMinerals-fundamental building block of rock-Repeating pattern is called a lattice-must use chemical reactions to break rocks down further-can be isolated physically-thousands of types-has fixed physical
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