CHM1045 Exam 2 Study Guide o Writing and balancing chemical equations ex Write and balance equation Al2O3 Al O2 Al2O3 4 Al 3O2 2Al2O3 o Calculating amount of reactants and products Ex C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O 856 grams of C6H12O6 is consumed mass of CO2 produced 856 C6H12O6 g 1 mol C6H12O6 4 725 mol C6H12O6 180 2g C6H12O6 4 725 mol C6H12O6 6 mol CO2 44 01g CO2 1 25 103 g CO2 1 mol C6H12O6 1 mol CO2 o Limiting reagent calculations Ex 637 2g of NH3 are treated with 1142g CO2 A Find the limiting reagent B Mass of NH2 2CO C How much excess reagent is left in grams 2NH3 CO2 NH2 2 CO H2O a 637 2g NH3 1 mol NH3 1 mol NH2 2CO 18 7 mol NH2 2 CO 17 031g NH3 2 mol NH3 1142g CO2 1 mol CO2 1 mol NH2 2CO 25 9 mol NH2 2 CO 44 01g CO2 1 mol CO2 Limiting Reagent is NH3 b 18 7 mol NH2 2 CO 60 06 g NH2 2 CO 1 12 103g NH2 2 CO 1 mol NH2 2 CO c 18 7 mol NH2 2 CO 1 mol CO2 44 01gCO2 823 4 1 mol NH2 2CO 1 mol CO2 1142g 823 6g 319g Chapter 4 o Solutions Electrolyte vs nonelectrolyte Electrolyte can completely ionized and create electricity Nonelectrolyte doesn t produce any electricity o Precipitation reactions What is a precipitate An insoluble solid that separates from solution o Acid base reactions Br nsted acid vs Br nsted base Acid a proton donor Base A proton accepter What is a monoprotic acid Diprotic Triprotic Monoprotic each unit yields one hydrogen upon ionization Diprotic each unit yields two hydrogen upon ionization Triprotic each unit yields three hydrogen upon ionization Hydronium ion A hydrated proton ex H3O Bronsted Acid donates a proton to a Bronsted Base Neutralization reaction A reaction between an acid and a base Generally produce salt water Acid Base Salt Water What is a salt A product of an acid base reaction Gas forming reactions Salt likes carbonates bicarbonates sulfites and sulfides o Oxidation reduction reactions Oxidation numbers Oxidizing agent vs reducing agent Types of redox reactions displacement disproportionation combination and decomposition Half reactions o Titrations Acid base titrations Redox titrations Chapter 5 o Pressure Pressure Force Area o Boyle s Law P1V1 P2V2 o Charles s Law V1 T1 V2 T2 o Gay Lussac s Law P1 T1 P2 V2 o Avogadro s Law V K4n o Ideal gas law PV nRT o STP R 021 L atm K mol o Density and molar mass calculations Molar mass M dRT P Density D M V o Partial pressure and mole fraction PA nART V o Kinetic molecular theory KE 5mu 2 CT o Gas diffusion R1 R2 M2 M1
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