CHAPTER 4 EXAMPLE QUESTIONS BIOL 2601 1 Which of the following organelles is found in autotrophic eukaryotic cells but not heterotrophic eukaryotic cells A lysosomes B ribosomes C rough endoplasmic reticulum D chloroplast E mitochondria out the cell A rough endoplasmic reticulum B cytoskeleton C smooth endoplasmic reticulum D All of the choices are true 2 Which of the following help direct the movement of materials or organelles through 3 A researcher is studying the effects of a new drug on the endomembrane system She notices the Golgi apparatus is not receiving any proteins and that it is not able to ship any proteins What part of the endomembrane system was probably affected by this new drug A mitochondria B smooth endoplasmic reticulum C ribosomes D nucleus E vesicles After being formed by the ribosomes located on the endoplasmic reticulum pro teins are transported to the Golgi in vesicles Vesicles are also used to ship proteins out of the Golgi 4 Which is NOT true about the cell theory A Its various parts were described by Schleiden Schwann and Virchow B It states that all organisms are composed of cells C It states that all cells come from preexisting cells D It states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously E It is accepted today by biologists as applying to virtually all forms of life The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells and therefore it does not state that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously All other choices are correct 5 As they flow over rotten logs slime molds appear to lack any partitioning into individual cells however slime molds do become cellular when they change form to produce spores In light of the cell theory that all living things are composed of cells then A these tissues are not living because they are not cellular B these tissues are a bridge between nonliving and primitive living cells C the general concept still holds because these organisms are cellular at spe cific stages in their life cycle D this proves that a vital force beyond cell chemistry can give life to sub stances In light of the cell theory that all living things are composed of cells the general concept still holds because these organisms are cellular at specific stages in their life cycle 6 Which of the following gives rise to both lysosomes and vesicles A rough endoplasmic reticulum B mitochondria C Golgi apparatus D ribosomes E centrioles Golgi apparati give rise to both lysosomes and vesicles 7 What is the smallest unit of living matter 8 Which of the following features is unique to bacterial cells compared to eukary A atom B element C Golgi apparatus D cell E nucleus Cells are the smallest unit of life otic cells A nucleoid region B nucleus C cell membrane D cell wall E ribosome Page 2 The nucleoid region is unique to bacterial cells 9 Which statement is NOT true about bacteria A Bacteria contain membrane bound organelles B Some are photosynthetic C Some are motile due to flagella D All bacteria are prokaryotes E Bacteria have a cell wall that contains peptidoglycan 10 Most bacteria live in a solution that is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the bacteria This means that the bacterial cell is constantly taking in water The cell wall of a bacterium is a peptidoglycan polymer that is tightly cross linked This would therefore function to A regulate the flow of most molecules into and out of the bacterial cell B provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from swelling C provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from shrinking D confirm a close relationship to plant cells that have a similar structure and live in hypotonic solutions E make all bacteria fairly uniform in metabolic chemistry The cell wall would function to provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from swelling 11 All of the following are true statements about eukaryotic cells except A A true nucleus contains the chromosomes B Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bounded organelles C Eukaryotic cells contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls D Eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria E Eukaryotic cells contain many organelles in the cytoplasm 12 According to the endosymbiosis theory were engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells A mitochondria B Golgi apparatus C lysosomes D ribosomes It is believed that both mitochondria and chloroplasts were engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells 13 Which of the following is NOT offered as evidence in support of the endosymbiotic theory which proposes that eukaryotic cells have evolved as a committee of prokaryotic cells A Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size and structure to some species of bacteria Page 3 B The ribosomes of chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar to bacteria C Mitochondria and chloroplasts can actively break away from eukaryotic cells D Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA coding separate from the and live on their own eukaryotic nucleus E All of the choices offer support of the endosymbiotic theory 14 Which is a true statement about ribosomes A Ribosomes contain DNA and protein B Ribosomes are active in carbohydrate synthesis C Ribosomal subunits leave the nucleus after being formed by the nucleolus D Polyribosomes are the subunits of ribosomes E Ribosomes are only found associated with the endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotic cells 15 Chloroplasts are to as are to aerobic respiration A stroma cristae B photosynthesis mitochondria C thylakoid membranes matrix D protein synthesis lysosomes Chloroplasts are to photosynthesis as mitochondria are to aerobic respiration 16 are to ribosomes as lipids are to A Carbohydrates rough endoplasmic reticulum B Nucleoli lysosomes C Sugars peroxisomes D Proteins smooth endoplasmic reticulum Proteins are synthesized by ribosomes and lipids are made in the smooth endo plasmic reticulum 17 Without a cytoskeleton eukaryotic cells would NOT A synthesize protein B have an efficient way to transport materials from one organelle to another C have an efficient means of metabolism D digest large molecules and old organelles to recycle their components Without a cytoskeleton eukaryotic cells would not have an efficient way to trans port materials from one organelle to another 18 According to the endosymbiotic theory mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from aerobic and photosynthetic bacteria that were engulfed and took up res idence in a host prokaryotic cell Use your knowledge of how plant and animal Page 4 cells differ to answer the following
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