BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard fkaylene uab edu 256 841 2663 Week 4 Joints Answers 1 Fill in the blank with the correct term Flexion is a movement that reduces the angle between articulating elements Extension is a movement that increases the angle between elements Abduction is a movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body Adduction is a movement toward the longitudinal axis of the body Lateral Rotation is when you rotate the anterior surface of the limb away from the ventral aspect of the body Medial Rotation is when you rotate the anterior aspect of the limb toward the ventral body surface Circumduction is when you rotate a limb in a circular arc about its long axis 2 Define the following terms Pronation placing the palms into the palm down position Supination placing the palms into the palm up position Opposition movement to touch the thumb to the fingers opposite is reposition Dorsiflexion extension of the foot at the ankle Plantarflexion flexion of the foot as in pointing the toes Eversion lateral or outward rotation of the foot Inversion medial or inward rotation of the foot 3 Name what bone s these terms are associated with Elevation and Depression shoulders or mandible Protraction and Retraction the jaw Rotation and Lateral Flexion the head 4 What are the 3 types of joints Also describe each joint s ability to move Synarthrosis immovable Amphiarthrosis slightly movable Diarthrosis freely movable BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard fkaylene uab edu 256 841 2663 5 Name examples of a synarthrosis joint and explain what each one is Suture between bones of skull Gomphosis teeth in sockets Synchondrosis cartilaginous bridge between two bones Synostosis articulation converted to solid bone 6 Name examples of an amphiarthrosis joint and explain what each one is Syndesmosis ligamentous connections between bones ex connections between vertebrae through ligaments Symphysis bones connected by a fibrocartilaginous pad ex the pubic symphysis and the intervertebral discs 7 Name the 3 types of synovial joints and explain what each one is Uniaxial movement in one plane Biaxial movement in two planes Polyaxial movement in three planes ball and socket joints Multiple Choice Questions 1 The structure that surrounds a synovial joint is called a A meniscus B joint capsule C synovial membrane D bursa 2 Which of the following is a classification of a joint in which the bones are separated by a pad of fibrous cartilage A ball and socket B gliding C pivot D symphysis BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard fkaylene uab edu 256 841 2663 3 The type of joint formed by the joining of the diaphysis and each epiphysis is called a A gomphosis B synchondrosis C synostosis D symphysis 4 Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid A acts as a shock absorber B prevents movement C channels the flow of blood D restricts joint movement E strengthens and reinforces the joint 5 Small synovial fluid filled pockets in connective tissue are called A tendons B intrinsic ligaments C bursae D symphysis 6 A specialized form of fibrous synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket is a A syndesmosis B symphysis C synchondrosis D gomphosis 7 The first carpometacarpal joint and the wrist are joints A nonaxial B monoaxial C triaxial D biaxial BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard fkaylene uab edu 256 841 2663 8 Which of the following associations describes the shoulder joint A uniaxial hinge B biaxial condyloid C triaxial ball and socket D monoaxial hinge 9 Pronation and supination occur at a the A humeroulnar joint B radio ulnar joint C temporomandibular joint D glenohumeral joint 10 A joint that allows only rotational movements is called a A circumductive joint B pivot joint C gliding joint D pronation joint 11 The condition called may occur under severe compression when the nucleus pulposus breaks through the annulus fibrosus A rheumatoid arthritis B rheumatism C herniated disc D a sprain 12 During a shoulder separation injury which of the following structures is most likely to be damaged A acromioclavicular ligament B coracohumeral ligament C coracoacromial ligament D sternoclavicular ligament BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard fkaylene uab edu 256 841 2663 13 The joint that permits the greatest range of motion in the entire body is the A hip B shoulder C knee D elbow 14 At the humeroradial joint the articulates with the head of the radius A capitulum B greater tubercle C glenoid labrum D lesser tubercle E trochlea 15 The metacarpophalangeal joints are joints A saddle ONLY YOUR THUMB B plane C hinge D gliding E condylar 16 Which of the knee structures function s to reinforce the medial and lateral surfaces of the joint tighten only at full extension of the joint and act to stabilize the joint A patellar ligament B tibial and fibular collateral ligaments C popliteal ligaments D anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments E iliofemoral ligament BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard fkaylene uab edu 256 841 2663 17 The cruciate ligaments attach to the of the tibia A condyles B epicondyles C anterior tuberosity D intercondylar area 18 Which structure s is are attached to the anterior surface of the tibia A tibial collateral ligament B popliteal ligament C anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments D patellar ligament 19 Structures that compose the ankle joint include A the distal articular surface of the tibia B the medial malleolus C the lateral malleolus of the fibula D the trochlea and lateral articular facets of the talus E All of the answers are correct 20 Which of the following fractures are among the most dangerous seen in elderly people A hip fractures B knee fractures C elbow fractures D ankle fractures