BY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard [email protected] (256) 841-2663 Cells Review 1. Fill in the chart 2. Label the picture Membranous Organelles Non-Membranous OrganellesBY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard [email protected] (256) 841-2663 3. Which of the following is a fundamentally important characteristic of cells? a. Cells are the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently. b. Cells arise spontaneously. c. Cells only contain the genes necessary in that cell. d. Cellular organelles are the fundamental units of all plants and animals e. Differences in structure and function are determined only by which genes are present in the cell. 4. List some characteristics of the plasma membrane. - It is selectively permeable (this means it allows some molecules to pass between intracellular and extracellular fluids) - It contains peripheral and integral proteins - It provides a protective barrier against substances and forces outside the cell - It is part of the body's cellular communication system 5. Fill in the chart describing the differences between microvilli and cilia. 6. Are phospholipid tails hydrophilic or hydrophobic? 7. Substances that enter the cell usually do so through the ____________________ 8. ___________ proteins are attached to the surface of the plasma membrane, while ___________ proteins are embedded within the membrane. Microvilli CiliaBY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard [email protected] (256) 841-2663 9. Describe the following processes: Facilitated Diffusion: Pinocytosis: Phagocytosis: Osmosis: Diffusion: Active Transport: Passive Transport: Membrane Flow: 10. Fill in the chart about the cell’s organelles and their functions Organelle Functions Plasma Membrane Mitochondria Golgi Apparatus Cytosol Cytoskeleton MicrofilamentsBY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard [email protected] (256) 841-2663 Microtubules Microvilli Centrosome Cilia Ribosomes Nucleus Nuclear Envelope Nucleolus Nuclear Pores Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth ER Rough ER Lysosome PeroxisomeBY 115 Human Anatomy SI Faith Leonard [email protected] (256) 841-2663 11. Which statement describes how the plasma membrane is used in communication and sensitivity? A) It serves as a storage site for large amounts of proteins for future use by the cell. B) It effectively isolates the cytoplasm from the surrounding fluid environment. C) It serves as an impermeable membrane. D) It acts as a site for the attachment of glycoproteins and glycolipids, which act as receptors for molecules present in the extracellular fluid. E) It provides for specialized connections between neighboring cells, giving tissues a stable structure. 12. The cell theory states that ________. A) cells are produced by the division of newly synthesized cells B) cells are the largest structural units of life C) cells are structural "building blocks" D) cells perform limited, nonessential functions E) All of the statements are correct 13. Compared with extracellular fluid, a sample of cytosol has ________. A) high quantities of carbohydrate B) a high concentration of sodium ions C) a relatively high concentration of dissolved or suspended proteins D) low reserves of amino acids and lipids E) a relatively low concentration of potassium ions 14. Large areas of opposing plasma membrane may be interconnected by transmembrane proteins called ________, which bind to each other and to other extracellular materials. A) cytokeratins B) hemidesmosomes C) connexons D) cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) E)