1 Snorter dwarfism Genetic abnormalities a Hereford cattle b Most devastating abnormality that the species or breed experienced c Smaller than regular sized Hereford d Hard time breathing due to restricted nasal passageways e Makes snorting noises f Prone to bloating because belching is hard for them g The bull St Lewis lad passed on the abnormality to many calves i Produced on Wyoming Hereford ranch h Behaves like a simple recessive gene i First known bull to pass on gene was Kansas lad i All the cases of dwarfism known to have originated from Kansas lad are linked to his grandson St Louis lad j The first dwarf calf that was produced that was bred at Wyoming Hereford ranch k WHR royal domino 51st i Caused more of the dwarfism problems than any other animal ii He was a great great grandson of St Louis Lad iii First two dwarf calves bred by the Wyoming Hereford ranch were out of the daughters of WHR royal domino 51st and the third one was sired by a grandson of WHR royal domino 51st In each case the other parent was a descendent of St Louis lad Many additional dwarf calves were produced in the herd and all descended from St Louis lad on both sides of the pedigree iv v Of course many dwarf calves were produced in other herds and most descended from St Louis lad on both sides of the pedigree 2 Comprest a Smaller than normal Hereford b Can live normal lives c Typically two frame scores smaller than normal Hereford cattle d Used to be popular as show steers e This genetic abnormality exhibits incomplete dominance f Most likely related to snorter dwarfism and crooked leg dwarfism 3 Crooked legged dwarfism a Affects Hereford cattle breed b Causes smaller and deformed limbs c Extremely Bowd out legs d Effects front legs sometimes e A lot shorter than normal size Hereford i Originated when compressed bulls bred to compressed cows f A recessive trait 4 Needle nose dwarfism a Came from line 1 Herefords i Only known incident in the line one Herefords growth line b Small size smaller head and narrow snout 5 Dexter cattle Irish breed a b Dual purpose breed that carries a dwarf gene that is partially dominant c When you have heterozygous animals those have a smaller frame and homozygous dominant animals have a larger frame i Homozygous recessive animal has problems 6 Bulldog dwarfism a Homozygous dwarf dexter gene b Recessive lethal trait c Mostly die prior to birth d Grossly misshapen and deformed e Have very bulldog like face and compressed nose 7 Palate pastern syndrome a Recessive gene b Serious problem in Charolais cattle c Simple recessive genetic abnormality that causes deformed legs or hyperextended limbs when the calves are born d These limbs can t be fixed e Don t live long or euthanized f Causes cleft pallet which is detrimental causes they can t shew cud 8 Hydrocephalus Hereford type a Hereford b Water or fluids on or around brain c Born with extra bump on top of head where fluid is d Recessive lethal trait that became a problem due to selecting against snorter dwarfism 9 Curly calf syndrome a Recessive lethal condition in angus cattle b Calves are born with deformed legs and spines c Claves are born dead or die shortly after birth d e Ridged limbs can cause dystocia f The bull JAR 1680 passed on this trait to calves and known as curved bender bull g DNA test available Joins are fixed in positions either contracted or extended 10 Neuropathic hydrocephalus a Water head b Recessive lethal condition in angus cattle c Massive heads from excess swelling due to fluids d Calves are born near term and are small 25 35 pounds birth weight e Head is markedly enlarged volleyball to basketball sized with cleft plate and extreme hydrocephalus f Nose appears small and short g Bones of the skull and vertebrae are malformed h Cranial cavity is filled with fluid and little or no brain tissue is present i DNA test available 11 Fawn calf contractual arachnodactyly a Recessive abnormality in angus cattle b Normally born alive Most can walk suck and survive c BW is normal d Phenotype differences are subtle therefore the abnormality may not be initially noted However it reduces the range of motion for the caves and therefore causes them to resemble an elk or deer fawn e CA calves are reported as being taller and more slender than unaffected calves f CA calves can show significant recovery and usually will appear normal by 4 to 6 g DNA test available h CAC contractual arachnodactyly carrier has been tested and has carriers the i CAF contractual arachnodactyly free has been tested and does not have the months of age mutation mutations j CAA contractual arachnodactyly affected has been tested and is homozygous for the mutation Such animals are not eligible for registration in the American angus association 12 Developmental duplication a Recessive abnormality in angus cattle b The majority of calves exhibiting this trait are born with additional limbs usually duplications of the front legs and originating from the neck or shoulder region With the exception of mortality associated with calving difficulty these calves can often thrive particularly if the extra limbs are surgically removed c This mutation was recognized as a genetic condition in 2013 d We hypothesize that early development duplication events prevent many embryos from developing to term resulting in embryonic death and the reduced frequency of live births that are being observed e Since this time there has been some indication that most if not all of the homozygous recessive calves are carried to full term f DNA test available g It now appears that some animals that are homozygous for developmental duplication are phenotypically normal and do not express any of the actual duplications h The letter designation DDA indicates that the animal has been determined to be homozygous for the mutation DDA designates developmental duplication affected Such animals are not eligible for registration under rule 103d in the event that a registered animal is discovered to be affected by the condition its registration shall be considered null and void and the certificate of registration must be returned to the association for cancellation i 13 Osteopetrosis a Recessive lethal in angus and more recently in red angus cattle b Born 10 to 30 days premature and typically born dead but if born alive they die within 24 hours of birth c Have a short lower jaw and impacted molars d Bones are solid and do not contain bone marrow making them brittle and easy to break e