Lactococcus Catalase Isolation of Lactobacillus from Name Staphylococcus Micrococcus Streptococcus Enterococcus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus mutans Pseudomonas putida Cytophaga hutchinsonii Bacillus cereus Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Organisms What is unique Catalase positive aerobic clustered cocci Gram positive part of normal human flora but also can be pathogenic cause sties boils pimples toxic shock syndrome and other diseases Catalase positive Catalase negative strictly fermentative Gram positive cocci present in normal flora of healthy humans have the potential to cause illness lactic acid bacteria Catalase negative lactic acid bacteria use peroxidases to degrade H2O2 Gram positive streptobacilli Catalase negative Catalase positive aerobic ferments glucose lactose and sucrose negative for coagulase doesn t produce many virulence factors forms commensalistic relationship with C sporogenes Catalase negative strictly fermentative Oxidase positive aerobic Cellulase positive Ferments glucose sucrose produces cysteine desulfhydrase caseinase positive Tryptophanase negative mixed acid fermentation negative butanediol fermentation positive citrate permease positive Tests to distinguish Catalase Isolation and identification of staphylococci Catalase Isolation and identification of Catalase streptococci Catalase fermentation of carbohydrates isolation and identification of staphylococci commensalism yogurt Catalase Catalase Oxidase Cellulase desulfhydrase Amylase IMViC Coliform ferments glucose lactose and Fermentation of carbohydrates cysteine Fermentation of carbohydrates Bacillus subtilis Amylase positive gelatinase positive Name Escherichia coli Tests to distinguish Oxidase amylase fermentation of carbohydrates cysteine desulfhydrase IMViC nitrate reduction What is unique Coliform oxidase negative anaerobic amylase negative gelatinase negative caseinase negative ferments glucose and lactose cysteine desulfhydrase negative tryptophanase positive mixed acid fermentation positive butanediol negative citrate permease negative nitrate reductase positive nitrite reductase positive Ferments grape juice and malt extract used in beer bread and wine making industries acid positive Fix nitrogen in a symbiotic relationship with legumes found in root nodules Fix nitrogen in a symbiotic relationship with legumes found in root nodules Free living aerobically fix nitrogen Free living anaerobically fix nitrogen Free living anaerobically fix nitrogen Lactic acid bacteria Produces coagulase ferments mannitol salt tolerant produces hemolysins produces enterotoxin that causes gastroenteritis and food poisoning causes toxic shock syndrome Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation of carbohydrates Lactococcus lactis Ferments milk lactose produces lactic Fermentation of carbohydrates Paracoccus denitrificans Nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase Nitrate reduction Rhizobium Bradyrhizobium Azotobacter Azomonas Clostridium Desulfovibrio Pediococcus Staphylococcus aureus Free living aerobically fix nitrogen Isolation of aerobic nitrogen fixing Isolation of aerobic nitrogen fixing microorganisms from soil microorganisms from soil N A N A N A N A N A Isolation and identification of staphylococci Name What is unique Tests to distinguish Azotobacter vinelandii Grows in N free media uses mannitol as Isolation of aerobic nitrogen fixing microorganisms from soil Streptococcus pyogenes Leuconostoc Clostridium sporogenes carbon source aerobically fixes nitrogen encapsulated Gram negative bacillus shaped cells that fluoresce in UV light and can form cysts ovoid shaped dormant drought resistant structures Produce hemolysins causes strep throat scarlet fever and several other illnesses Lactic acid bacteria Obligate anaerobe benefits from commensalistic relationship with S epidermidis Isolation of Streptococcus N A staphylococci Commensalism Staphylococcus saprophyticus Ferments mannitol coagulase negative Isolation and identification of Enzymes Enzyme Substrate Product Media Used to Positive Result Organism Reagent Indicator None Test for It None Looks Like Air bubbles Catalase H2O2 H2O O2 Staphylococcus epidermidis all organisms that use oxygen for respiration Pseudomonas putida all oxygen for respiration cells that use the subunits for energy or cell components soil and rotting wood can be aerobic Cytophaga or Sporocytophaga or anaerobic Clostridium Bacillus subtilis Oxidase Oxygen Water Tetramethyl p phenylenediami Colonies on TSA Immediately plate turns purple blue organisms that use ne dihydrochloride Iodine Starch agar has starch mixed into media Zone of hydrolysis around colonies when flooded with iodine Growth on saccharides of of paper Different types Dubos plate paper decomposers in the cellulose Amylase Cellulase Starch food storage polymer in plant Cellulose structural component of plants Oligo saccharides of glucose glucose monomers Oligo glucose glucose monomers Caseinase Casein a Peptides None Milk agar protein in milk amino acids Gelatinase Gelatin a Peptides 1 N HCl Gelatin agar Bacillus subtilis protein found in amino acids connective tissue and bones of animals Enzyme Substrate Product Reagent Media Used to Positive Result Organism Zone of hydrolysis around colonies with no reagent added Zone of hydrolysis around colonies when flooded with 1 N HCl Cysteine desulfhydrase Cysteine sulfur containing amino acid Ammonia pyruvate and hydrogen sulfide gas Test for It Peptone iron agar Indicator Ferric citrate in media no reagent added to determine results Citrobacter freundii Tryptophanase Tryptophan Indole pyruvic Kovac s reagent Tryptone broth Escherichia coli acid and ammonia Citrate Alkaline products Bromthymol blue Simmon s citrate agar Enterobacter aerogenes Citrate permease Nitrate reductase Nitrate Nitrite Nitrate broth naphthylamine and sulfanilic acid Nitrite reductase Nitrite Nitrous oxide or nitrogen gas None Nitrate broth Coagulase Fibrinogen Fibrin fibrin None Plasma clot Escherichia coli and Paracoccus denitrificans Paracoccus denitrificans Staphylococcus aureus Looks Like Black precipitate ferrous sulfide forms when hydrogen sulfide gas is released Red layer floats on broth when added Kovac s reagent combines with indole Citrate agar turns blue due to alkaline products Red color appears when naphthylamine and sulfanilic acid are added Gas is trapped in Durham tube N2O and N2 are both gases Clotting cloudiness in plasma tube Media Medium Tests it was Used Positive