3 19 Week 10 Psychology Chapter 6 part 1 Memory Encoding Storage 3 Key Memory Processes 1 Encoding writing it down 2 Storage filing it away 3 Retrieval bringing it back out Memory the retention of information or experiences over time Encoding 1st step in memory the process of taking information in through your senses translating it into a form that your brain can write down store for later use sometimes happens automatically sometimes it takes effort Encoding Processes Selective Attention focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others Constantly working Stimuli compete for our attention Characteristics of Selective Attention we can only fully attend to one thing at a time items compete for our attention cocktail party effect cocktail part effect focusing one s auditory attention on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli same way that a partygoer can focus on a single conversation in a loud room inattention leads to encoding failure http www youtube com watch v Ahg6qcgoay4 Levels of Processing a continuum of memory processing ranging from shallow processing to deep processing deep processing leads to better memory Shallow physical features are analyzed Intermediate recognition labeling Deep meaningful characteristics Elaboration the web of connections associations relevant meanings given to a stimulus Mental Imagery creating a mental story or scene around stimuli that we would like to remember ex rabbit sky nut mother bed key fresh miracle dance Dual Code Hypothesis memory is stored in two ways verbal code picture code mental images are remembered better because it contains both picture verbal codes Storage 2nd step in memory Memory Storage how is information retained over time represented in memory Atkinson Shiffrin Model of Mmeory Box Model Sensory Memory first step of memory storage process holds information your mind for a very brief period of time What did you see A What symbols did you remember B Did you see all of the symbols C Were there letters D Were there numbers E Were any of the squares blank Echoic Sensory Memory Auditory sensory information that lasts up to several seconds Iconic Sensory Memory Visual sensory memory that lasts about a quarter of a second
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