COP 3353 Midterm Review Checklist of Topics Covered This is a list of topics intended as a checklist to help you recall what topics and commands have been covered General Concepts Know the basic components of the Unix OS kernel shells file system utilities commands o CPU o Main Memory RAM Temporary workspace o o Kernel I O keyboard monitor The master control program Schedules tasks and switching to provide multitasking and multi user operation Manages resources o Shell Passes user commands to the kernel for execution Interprets user commands o File system Information organized as files and specialized files called directories Software tools provided as part of the OS Often called o Utilities commands o Commands Know the meaning of terms like executable process o Executable A program in a form that can be executed by the OS o Process The activation or instantiation of an executable o Daemons Processes spawned by the kernel to perform tasks on behalf of OS to manage system resource o Filters General purpose utilities transforming an input stream to an output stream while doing well defined processing There are multiple varieties of Unix including commercial and freeware versions Be able to name some o Commercial version SunOS Solaris SCO Unix Aix Ultrix o Freeware version NetBSD FreeBSD Linux Know what an SSH program is as well as how to use it to log into a unix system like your CS account o SSH is Secure Shell It is a client used to connect to CS machines ssh lastname shell cs fsu edu Know what a shell program is o Prompt machine you are on etc o History mechanism arrows string completion tab o Be able to name some of the different unix shells sh Bourne shell good scripting capabilities csh C shell ksh Korn shell better interactivity bash Bourne shell more features than sh tcsh T shell default on CS accounts o Be able to use a simple command shell like tcsh this is the one on your CS account by default Files Pathnames Know how to recognize files and directories in a unix system Know how to form unix pathnames o Absolute pathnames Start at root relative pathnames o Start relative to current directory Know what directory is root o Starting directory Know the symbols to use in a pathname for referencing o your own home directory another user s home directory directoryname o o o the current working directory the parent directory i e the directory above this one Know how to handle special characters in filenames like spaces or other characters that already have other unix meanings o Files can contain any character except o Quote anything with spaces spaced name to make the shell Know how to use basic unix wildcards in filenames paths for use in not break the argument unix commands These include o o o Can contain any number of characters in a filename con will match con condor constant exe Can match any single character in a filename b t will match bit bot bat Will match any one of the characters in the brackets b ae t will match bat and bet A hyphen can be used to match any range of consecutive characters chap 5 8 will match chap5 chap6 chap7 chap8 Format of Unix commands Know the general form of unix commands command name flags parameters commands o commandname flags parameters Know what flags are and how they syntactically work in unix o Flags start with and are separated from other flags and parameters by one or more spaces Individual flags may be combined under a single o Know what command line parameters are o Filenames pathnames o Accept one or more parameters separate by spaces Know how to activate the man page or help menu for any command i e the help parameter on commands o o man cp shows the manual page for the copying command man help shows the help menu Know how to type multiple instructions on one line i e separate with o ls l cal date File permissions Understand the types of processes that can access files directories o User owner of the file process spawned by user who created file o Group process spawned by members of the same group o Other anybody else process spawned by anyone else Understand the types of permissions available for each type of process read write execute and what they mean for files and directories o Read access file or list directory o Write write to remove file directory o Execute run file as a program or enter directory Be able to look at a long listing of a directory and determine what permissions are currently set for whom Be able to change the permissions to any desired setting using the chmod command o This includes both forms of the command the numeric form and the symbolic form for changing permissions o Numeric r 4 w 2 x 1 o Symbolic chmod who operation permissions filename Who is one or more of u g o Operation is Permissions are one or more of r w x chmod go rwx myfile doc chmod g w myfile doc chmod u rwx g rx o r myfile doc Unix text editors The three Unix text editors discussed in class o o o pico nano emacs vi easier to learn but simpler and not as powerful linprog4 has only nano linprog1 3 use pico widely available powerful and popular available on almost all unix machines fairly powerful and sophisticated Be able to describe the basic differences between these editors For each of these three editors you should know the commands to do at least the following common editing tasks o Start the editor to begin a blank file o Open an existing text file in the editor pico emacs vi pico file txt emacs file txt vi file txt o Edit enter basic text if this involves specific modes like command versus input modes know how to switch between them pico typing will insert text at the point of the cursor emacs typing will insert text at the point of the cursor vi i to insert mode esc to return to command mode o Save a file under a specific filename o Exit the editor pico x emacs x c vi q pico o emacs x w vi w file o Cut and or copy text pico k emacs k cuts text from cursor to end of line w cuts text from mark to current cursor position vi yy copies line 3cw cut three words 5cc cut five lines 12x delete 12 characters 3dw delete 3 words 5dd delete 5 lines o Paste text that has been copied cut pico u emacs y vi p Shell Commands Covered Command Description Flag options covered You should be able to ls cd cat more less List files Change directory Concatenate to standard output a viewer to view file contents l a list the contents of a directory do a long listing showing file details list the invisible dot files in a directory change to another directory