CH 14 Psychological Disorders What constitutes a disorder and what doesn t Mood anxiety dissociative schizophrenia Normal vs Abnormal Crazy vs Just Strange Charles Manson Jeffrey Dahmer Ozzy Osbourne Ellen DeGeneres Michael Jackson Halle Berry Ken Lay Miley Cyrus homeless person categorize motivations What Makes a Disorder o Atypical o Disturbing different than normal as determined by others SOCIAL Thinking that others are after you Murder cannibalism suicidal thoughts talking loudly to yourself Depression paranoia addictions Thinking you are reincarnation of someone famous schizophrenia Fearing that something bad is always about to happen depression anxiety distressing disabling interferes w functioning can t be rationally justified o Unjustifiable o Maladaptive Classifying Disorders o Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Criteria for diagnosing mental disorders Classification describes clusters of symptoms DSM V Describe symptoms Predict future course Stimulate research into causes Imply treatment OVER 400 categories DSM V Criteria for Depression 5 or more symptoms present for 2 wk period but must Prevalence of Various Disorders in College Students have 1 of first 2 depressed mood OR no interest pleasure Issues in Understanding Disorders o How much distress impairment caused in person s life o Diagnosis important understand treat o Diagnosis can create stigma false expectations erroneous perceptions o Anxiety 12 Mood 11 Alcohol Use 21 o common cold of mental disorders o Symptoms 2 weeks of symptoms for no obvious reason o Gender Women almost 2x as likely to be diagnosed w depression o Age Most often diagnosed in late adolescence through adulthood o Gender Age Females increase until age 50 then drop Males increase until age 20 Major Depressive Disorder 17 drop until age 40 increase until age 50 drop until age 60 evens out Causes of Depression o Biological Genetics Norepinephrine o Social identical twins 50 chance one will get it if other has had it Serotonin levels lower Loneliness disruptions in social relations o Cognitive blame negative events on factors Learned Helplessness Negative Explanatory Style can t control important things in life Thinking about event makes it worse increase depression internal my fault stable won t change global affects whole life Rumination pattern of brooding repetitive thinking about negative events Major Depressive Disorder Treatment o Cognitive techniques ID negative thoughts replace w adaptive thoughts o Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors SSRIs Prozac o Electroconvulsive shock therapy extreme not common
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