Rachel Manning ENV101 Final Review Environmental Art DAIJ describe analyze interpret judgment Lopez Reading Apologica removed road kill from road theme value of species respect to creatures who have nothing to us Leopold Reading Thinking Like a Mountain Writer naturalist conservationist Wolf hunting the doe always killed wolves less wolves more deer to hunt when killed the wolf saw the green fire die sensed that neither the wolf nor the mountain agreed with such a view killing off wolves messes up the ecosystem Robert Frost Reading A Brook in the City urbanization from an unusual perspective describing what happens when a city expands to encompass what was once farmland Rush Limbaugh Reading radio commentator Radon natural occurrence no hysteria oil spills man made anthropogenic occurrence hysteria Earth is a remarkable creation and is capable of great rejuvenation We can t destroy it It can fix itself We have a right to use earth to make our lives better Hardin Reading Tragedy of Commons Professor of biology at UNCA Santa Barbara Multiple individuals acting independently and solely and rationally consulting their own self interest will ultimately deplete a shared limited resource when it is clear that it is not in anyone s long term interest for this to happen sheep example HIPPO Habitat Invasive Species Population growth Pollution Over consumption Impacts biodiversity Natural change Anthropogenic change Total Ecological Change Sustainable Development making current choices so that the quality of life stays the same for future generations Environmental Societal Economical Anthropocentric human centered earth exists for human use human kind is the most important Limbaugh mind set Biotic planet centered all species are equally important valuable nature must be cared for precautionary principle Harding mind set Big Five Six Elements Cycles 1 Carbon 2 Hydrogen 3 Oxygen 4 Nitrogen 5 Phosphorus 6 Sulfur Rock Biodiversity variety of organic organisms in a given area variety of genetic variation within a population variety of species in a community variety of communities in an ecosystem species diversity ecosystem diversity genetic diversity Adaptable species easily adaptable to different ecosystems more genetic diversity Niche species cannot adapt if change in habitat less genetic diversity Biodiversity Applicability national capital Importance of agriculture variety of plants and crops Importance of Human Life Healthcare production of variety of food medications Industrial Importance production of material fibers dyes oils rubber Food Web every species depends on or is dependent upon another Keystone Species species critical to the functioning of the ecosystem affects the survival and abundance of many other species in its community Trophic levels transfer of energy 1st producers plants 2nd primary consumers herbivores 3rd secondary consumers omnivores carnivores 4th tertiary consumers top carnivores Abiotic Biotic Producers autotrophs harvest energy from solar radiation or inorganic materials Consumers heterotrophs obtain energy from consuming producers or other organisms Scavengers Saprophytes survive on the energy provided in the molecules of deceased organisms Niche job in ecosystem decomposers herbivores omnivores carnivores Habitat determining factors terrestrial or aquatic near food supply temp range altitude Interaction Symbiosis Predation Commensalism one benefits other unaffected Mutualism both benefit Parasitism one benefits other harmed Biomes terrestrial and aquatic Aquatic Biomes Littoral Zone shore line Pelagic Zone top of water Benthic Zone bottom of body of water Estruary where salt and freshwater meet mix IUCN Red List International Union for Conservation of Nature Red list of Endangered Threatened species HIPPCO Habitat destruction Invasive species Population dynamics Pollution Pesticides Climate Change Overexploitation poaching ESact endangered species act 1973 An Act to provide for the conservation of endangered and threatened species of fish wildlife and plants and for other purposes CITES Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species putting regulation on trade of specimens of wild animals and plants so that it cannot endanger species Monoculture producing 1 crop plant over a wide area and large consecutive years Reconciliation ecology Studies ways to encouraged biodiversity in human dominate ecosystems promote coexistence The gens Carcinogens risk of cancer Mutagens reshape DNA Teratogens embryo development LD50 median lethal dose of toxin radiation pathogens required to kill population REACH Registration Evaluation Authorization Chemical Regulation Address production use of chemical substances and their potential impacts on human health and the environment Global Warming GCC recent global rise in global average temp Vs change in climate temp wind weather patterns during several decades or longer Atmospheric Pollutants Greenhouse Gases N20 nitrogen dioxide NOx CO Carbon Monoxide CH4 Methane CFC Chlorofluorocarbons Particulate Matter O3 Ozone Localvore person dedicated to eating food grown produced locally Food Security Pests Polyculture Agriculture using multiple crops in the same space imitation of the diversity of natural ecosystems Traditional making profit labor and capital v s Ecological Economics sustainable scale just distribution allocative efficiency accounts for all externalities retailers processors wholesalers traders producing countries growers How population Increases Fertility Age Science Technology Medicine Food Supply growth Hygiene TFR TBR TDR Replacement Rate babies replace those who die families make two babies to replace them J and S curve Carrying capacity Demographic transition 4 phases Types of land use Natural Vs Built Environment Scientists Arrhenius discovered CO2 increases then temp increases Norman Borlaug GMOs Dwarf wheat increased food supply food security feed underdeveloped countries CONs do not know what is going into your food not natural John Snow and the Broad Street Pump father of epidemiology traced outbreak of cholera in England Disease germs on water pump spread Socolow Pacala stabilization wedges stabilize CO2 emissions and air quality to below 500 ppm Rowland Molina 1 atom of Cl can create 100 000 Keeling keeling curve Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii noticed pattern in CO2 levels summer decrease winter increase due to plant dormancy Organic food and labeling 100 organic 100 organic ingredients and processes