Gender Sex and Family What is Sex What is Gender Sex Culturally identified at birth based on genital configuration How many sexes are there o Binary in west male versus female Assumed to be aligned with chromosomes and secondary sex characteristics but this is NOT necessarily true EX XY female XXY male About the body Gender cultural markers Culturally identified based on secondary sex characteristics and other o Gender binary Male versus Female o Assumed to be in line with genital configuration NOT always true o Facial body hair chest breasts Adam s apple hair style clothing vocal pitch o Social construction Are gender and sex universals Do all cultures and communities of practice experience and express gender and sec in the same ways What is the relationship between science and culture How do we fix sex Intersexuality Kessler mixed genital chromosomes Sexuality and Gender in Western Sumatra Providence of Indonesia Fieldwork conducted by Evelyn Blackwood Lesbi and Tomboi o Are Tomboi s lesbian Whose context of lesbian are we talking about Individuals talking English terms and reappropriating them o Are Tomboi s men o Depends on perspective Does Blackwood describe Tomboi s as men or as women o Women who think they are men o They are men who were born as women o Butch o Gender identity is complicated not simply man vs women One gender not necessarily dominate over the other Gender really complicated How does one do gender How does it relate to sexuality Gender as a cultural catergory Gender as subjective experience on going social process through which individuals negotiate produce and stabilize as sense of who they are Lesbi s are not necessarily lesbian or are Tomboi s women o How does a western construction of gender sexuality make sense of these subject positions Family Are families universal Kinship culturally distinct relationships between individuals who are most likely though of having family ties Inclusive definition two or more people who define themselves as a family Descriptive a term referes to only one specific type of relationship Classificatory a term that groups many different types of relationships under o Extended family o Nuclear family Kinship one term o Example Brother o Who is Brother in the US Descent Where Am I From Affinity relationship through marriage Who can marry whom Tracing descent 4 major types o Bilateral equally through relatives in mothers and fathers families relationships entire communities o Ambilineal Cognatic with mother or father kinsmen o Double descent patrilineal or matrilineal o Unilineal descent through on sex only o Patrilineal descent Traced through father o Matrilineal descent Traced through mother