Det ch 7: achieving economic goalsWestern vs. non western flows of wealthTalking about family as economic unitWesterners parents are producers children consumeNon western children are also producersContribute to household3 types of economic principlesMarket exchange: buy something with moneyredistribution: system where things are held tp location then the goods are spread out amongst everyone (charities, taxes)reciprocity:generalized: doing things for others with no expectation of payment (one way system)balanced: 2 people who provide resources for each other.Negative: one person tries to cheat the other person in exchange.3 forms of money: currency, commodities, electronic data (credit cards)how are things owned?Takers and leavers:Takers: anything in world can be owned “world was made for man”Leavers: cant own anything “man belongs to the world”Squatters: over time you become sedentary but don’t have rights over the landIndividually ownedCorporate and government ownershipClan ownershipSocial relationships and economicssocial prestige- what others think of youmarriageAscribed vs achieved statusAscribed is something you were born into (royalty) vs achieved someone who worked from the ground upGoals for economic behaviorMaximize profit and minimize risk (economics says)Anthropology changes this by saying that social relationships matter. So you don’t want to screw over a friend to maximize profit.Many examplesRobbins CH 3: globalization..Globalization:the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.Neoliberalism:finances not controlled by gov. controlled by corporationsCapitalism:constantly grow the economy and labor has to be devaluedSocial capital:having connections, networkingExternalities of the market: environmentWhy do economies collapse? 1600s dutch tulip bulb and housing bubble pg 112Det Ch 8: making sense of the worldPerspective on religionFunctions of religionGive people explanationProvide moral code, structureComfort in times of crisisAnthropological perspective: no religion can be scientifically proven. All religions are true but no religions are True.Scientific method used to prove something and cant be used to not prove so science and religion coexistStructure of religious beliefsTypes of religious beliefsAtheism- absence of beliefTheism- belief in one or more dietiesMonotheism: one godPolytheism: many godsAnimism-traditional religions of the world, refers to belief in spirits associated with nature and natural phenomenaAncestor worship- souls of individuals that were once aliveAnimatism- belief in 1 general spirit or power that exists in universe and not in any creature or nature or objectRobbins Ch. 4 RealityGrid/ group theoryInterpretive drift-change in beliefs (clinging to old)E.E Evans-Pritchard oracleAzande (?) go to oracle and the oracle says x will happen but when x doesn’t happen the believe that they did something wrong or something else occurred to change outcomeRitual and symbolic actionImportant part of peoples cultureDet Ch 9: funMusic sportsMusilanguage- music and language developed out of a common ancestorCultural forms are important components os culture, reflect cultureThe music and sports that cultures have reflect themLanguage and art and music (connections)Det Ch 10 creativityBody modificationsBuilt env.Human architectureEnvironmental modificationsMan made islands, dams,Visual and performative artsPenis festival, marching bandCave painting, pottery, urban statue art)Robbins CH 6: identitySelfhood : have a specific understanding of myself in relation to my societyEgocentric vs sociocentricEgocentric: center of awareness, individualsimSociocentric: linked to society and not individuaWhen meet someone you tell tem your name (mainly first) other people would instead say I’m a relative of so and soIdentity tool box- whats your identityFat talk:Phallocentrism- deployment of penis as concrete symbol of masculinity and social powerGift giving: maintaining social relationshipsRites of passage/ coming of age (how identity transitions)3 stages of rights of passage:seperates person from existing identityenters transition phasechanges incorporated into new identityRituals: bar/bat mitzvahDet ch 11 human communicationAspects of speech:Volume, tone – words spoken loudly or quietly, sarcastically or notTempo- speaking slowly and carefullyClarity- slurring or articulating each workVerbosity- using a lot of words when a few will doAccentsStyles/specialized vocabWhat we study about language:Formal technical/ structuralSocial/culturalVarieties of narrativesAnatomical and cognitive foundations of languageFieldsLinguisticsAnthropologyFolkloreCognitive sciencesLanguages may use different grammatical rulesVocabulary:Affixes- meaningful sound attached to root wordTactile- sense of touchAnalog estimationGrueCore vocab- conservative words of a languageSocial/cognitive timePhoneme- sounds beg with consanats m, b, f, t and dMomrpheme- meaningful soundMarthas vineyard sign language- deafness became prevalent in MV because people were marrying each other, they came up with own sign language and they all knew it and people who were deaf weren’t considered disabled anymore. This sign language beame extinctAdvantages and disadvantages of written records and oral historyDet ch 12Cultural competence“you don’t have to know anything about a culture not to be a jerk”key point: treat others with respect and dignitydon’t judge on: appereance, nationality, religion geographypeople share many things, the world is interconnectedbe a good personExamples:Hmong understanding the placentaMaking nurses take a class on upper white women’s cultureShipbreakers in indiaBonivillain ch 43 features of language:Symbolism- what we use in language doesn’t always represent thing itselfDisplacement- can talk about not present things, (future, far away place)Productivity- combine things and words to make infinite sentences4 components of language:Phonology- varying sounds are often used interchangabley inwords wthout creating difference in meaningMorphology- sound sequences strung together to form wordsSyntax- words strung together to form phrases and sentenecsSemantics: study of meaning-Nonverbal cues (thumbs up here is positive vs. in other cultures it means fuck u) / actions / signs are an important part of language-US multilingual, more historical support for multilingualism (melting pot