2 12 15 Week 5 Psychology Circadian Rhythms cont d What can we do to reset our clocks 1 Sleep wakeup at appropriate times 2 Exposure to appropriate light dark cues 3 Melatonin good adjusting to time zone changes Chapter 4 Part 2 Sleep Why do we sleep we don t know Scientists can t agree Theories maybe its adaptive because we don t see very well in the dark we rely on our sight senses to survive and it helps keep us safe and also conserving energy for us while we can t see it doesn t necessarily keep us safe though because we aren t that safe we aren t conscious we are vulnerable its restorative people that stay sedentary sleep about the same as active people they haven t found anything that is depleted during the day actually is repairing or restored while you are sleeping Neuronephrin makes you feel awake in the morning Studying Sleep EEG measuring electrodes through skull onto surface of skin way to monitor without drilling anything attach electrodes on temples to measure eyes Rapid Eye Movement sleep REM also attach electrodes on legs arms to see how or when you move or lack thereof during sleep EMG electrode myograms on muscles certain parts of sleep we are paralyzed Stages of Wakefulness Higher Level Consciousness alert attentive actively thinking producing Beta Waves tiny close together but high frequency Lower Level Consciousness relaxed but awake daydreaming Alpha Waves taller farther apart can see individual waves Stages of Sleep Stage 1 drowsy sleep easily woken up head nod myoclonic jerks neck muscles finally relax your head will fall back and your brain interprets it as falling backwards or something jerks feel like you re literally falling misinterpret safety reflex transition of being awake to going to sleep theta waves anything can wake you up Stage 2 decreased no more alpha waves and mostly theta waves irregular EEG signals quiet sleep because people don t normally move less sensitive to noises snoring weird things begin to appear on EEG difficult grouchy to wake up sleep through alarms Sleep Spindles kind of look like beta waves high frequency bursts of activity very fast short K complexes sudden very sharp tall wave form looks like lightning or heartbeat Stage 3 4 deep sleep difficult to rouse restorative without this stage we would be very tired something about this stage is restorative slow wave sleep sleep apnea stop breathing in this stage keep getting knocked out of stage 3 4 because having to start over can be a major problem because you ll never get enough sleep delta waves 4 Stages are not REM sleep Rapid Eye Movement REM eyes look like person who is stage 1 or even awake brain pattern similar to those with relaxed wakefulness Desynchronized Alpha Theta waves Characteristics of REM sleep dreaming Rapid Eye Movement EOG Skeletal Muscles Paralysis EMG if you weren t paralyzed you would act out your dream muscles won t realize it s not real Stages of Sleep sleeping pattern through one night Ex you stay up all night studying you fall asleep at 4am wake up 7am 3 hours what were you deprived of Answer REM sleep Sleep Disorders stress can increase problems with sleeping Insomnia inability to fall asleep waking in the night or waking too early ex we all have experiences of this ex impression of her dad sleeping never will be able to sleep without machines once they start to help them don t get up try for at least an hour if not get up do something decrease arousal so you can sleep running around to make yourself tired doesn t work sleeping medicines become habit forming can t sleep without them Sleep apnea individuals stop breathing while asleep Sleep walking talking Somnambulism occurs during slow wave sleep Night Terrors sudden arousal from sleep accompanied by intense fear and blood curdling screaming Narcolepsy A REM sleep disorder involving sudden overwhelming urge to sleep Cataplexy paralysis that accompanies REM sleep is suddenly activated while person is awake Sleep Paralysis the normal paralysis of REM sleep continues after person wakes up REM Behavior Disorder mechanism controlling paralysis during REM sleep fails to work properly typically occur in children NOT nightmares don t even think they have a dream ex patient w narcolepsy cataplexy http www youtube com watch v 3MBCeKn0Oeo individual will literally act out their dream rare nonspecific insomnia sleep apnea slow wave sleep talking sleep walking night terrors REM sleep narcolepsy cataplexy sleep paralysis REM behavior disorder
View Full Document
Unlocking...