CORRECTION PROCESSES EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE LECTURE NOTES SITUATIONAL OFFENDER First time offender of a serious crime up to now law abiding Ex man kills another man because he found him in bed with his wife CAREER CRIMINAL Make a living doing crime Ex mobster gangster Their lifestyle does not change Jail is just a part of their life SEX OFFENDER CATEGORIES Rapist violent targeted in jail Child Molester target needs to be protected PRISONERS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES Low mental age IQ 70 Inability to comprehend commands and tasks Problems with instruction General population 2 3 ID inmates 4 10 AIDS IN PRISON 20 000 inmates HIV Roughly 20 states test upon entrance Use of education used to have inmates know about how it spreads ELDERLY OFFENDERS Age 50 246 000 inmates Older inmates because of the sentencing practices longer sentences means people age in prison Older person s crimes mobsters FORGOTTEN OFFENDERS Women in prison Often their needs are forgotten Ex periods their interactions ELIZABETH FRY Quaker woman who got a chance to look at prisons Saw women treated like animals Pushed for a reform in the women prisons CHIVALRY FACTOR Courteous towards women Women processed and handled differently than men This does not change the hardness Context of it is different MASSACHUSETTS REFORMATORY 1877 Farmington Massachusetts Allowed children under 2 in prison with their mothers Worked in supervised cottages INMATE MOTHERS Adopted mom in prison PSEUDO FAMILY Kinship network Supportive nurturing response to prison for the females Is pretty much a female gang CO CORRECTIONS Men and women in the same facility SECURITY THREAT GROUPS Prison gangs Heavily divided on racial lines Often lifetime membership prior association usually required Highly organized blood in blood out Make money usually through drugs but also gambling protection weapons extortion and prostitution MEXICAN MAFIA MM Mexican American from urban LA Founded in 1950 s in Dual Vocational Center CA Oldest group Traits ethnic solidarity drug trafficking each prison has its own leader extreme violence Tattoos EME MM hand print with m inside new mm not yet recognized by corrections Enemies NF BGF Allies AB urban Latino gangs LA NUESTRA FAMILIA Mexican American from rural north California Founded 1960 Soledad CA Traits Street prison component inside outside jobs deep hatred for MM blood in blood out membership lifetime membership Tattoos Usually made large NF 14 Norte sombrero and dagger eagle Enemies MM TS AB Allies BGF BLACK GUERILLA FAMILY Black African American San Quentin CA Formed by Black Panther George Jackson Traits Political gang seek to overthrow the US government preserve dignity and fight racism in prison Tattoos Crossed saber and shotgun black dragon Enemies AB MM TS Allies NF black street gangs ARYAN BROTHERHOOD White Christians San Quentin CA 1967 Traits White supremacy neo Nazi ideology life membership splinter groups formed extreme violence Tattoos AB swastika shamrock ss lightning bolt from Nazi uniform 666 Enemies NF BGF Black street gangs Allies MM White gangs Will work with black or Hispanic gangs for drug deals and trafficking NAZI LOW RIDERS White and some Hispanic Formed late 1970 s by John Stinson AB leader who recruited young skinheads at Preston Youth Correctional Facility The purpose was to be middlemen and muscle for AB Recognized as own STG in early 1990 s Tattoos No standard tattoo favor NLR Nazi imagery TEXAS SYNDICATE Mexican American from Texas Formed in Folsom prison early 1970 s Made to protect Texan inmates from being victimized by Californian prison gangs like AB and MM Rising membership due to recruiting inmates from Cuba Mexico and Columbia Tattoo TS design BUS THERAPY Try sending important STG people or leaders out of one jail and into another to try to break an organization up Doesn t work SOCIAL CLIMATE IN PRISON Rules of survival Welcome to Steel Hotel Tips commit honorable crimes don t gamble don t loan no eye contact fight and fight dirty mind your own business don t snitch be ugly Rewards for being violent immunity victims and bystanders don t snitch Opportunity building structure Inmates dilemma protect your stuff so don t bring any stuff Checking trying to find out what the new person is all about Overcrowding SHANK Prison made knife ESTIMATED NUMBER OF SEXUALLY ASSAULTED INMATES Old data would say 290 000 Today 9 6 report victimization 5 5 report staff victimization 3 3 hetero 3 9 gay males FARMER V BRENNER Farmer pre operation Trans male to female so was put into a male prison because of genital Sexually assaulted in prison and contracted HIV Went to court SCOTUS said they violated Farmer s 8th amendment rights deliberate indifference to her health and safety PROTECTIVE COUPLING Inmates in female facilities will date to protect each other and also do things for each other OFFICIAL VIOLENCE Staff inmate violence Legal Enforcing rules enforcing UNOFFICIAL VIOLENCE Staff inmate violence Illegal Form of control not regulations self defense justifiable done in secret TUNE UPS Unofficial form of violence used to run prison Put prisoners in place rough them up a bit show them who is in charge Used on new inmates and those who don t cause trouble a lot TAP DANCE Inmate forced to group spread eagle staff tap dance on chest and face ENVIRONMENTAL MODEL Why riots happen Prison conditions lacking medical poor food shitty living SPONTANEITY MODEL Why riots happen Riots are unplanned events usually with many different backings Triger event sets off what already is brewing CONFLICT THEORY Power difference between staff and inmates ATTICA RIOT 1971 Sept 9 13 Originally black prisoners protesting the death of George Jackson prior to the day of the riot Day before riot staff had a fight with some intoxicated inmates 10 30 1281 inmates take 39 hostages originally 50 but let injured get medical attention because they knew it s dangerous to kill officers Made committee to set demands wanted better living conditions Government and officials didn t listen and ended the riot in bloodshed Police fired at the courtyard Public told the inmates killed some hostages though later revealed that police actually shot them because they shot indiscriminately at the courtyard Inmates were tortured and beat after the riot were later compensated for their pain in court People and celebrities began to support inmates when the truth came out Tried to do well with the riot but ended by force RUFFIN V COMMONWEALTH 1871