CH 14 Psychological Disorders cont again 3 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder o People have fear about certain things do things to fix fears maladaptive o One of least common anxiety disorders o Mostly females o Can affect schoolwork sports health o Symptoms Obsessions unwanted repeated thoughts Ex fear of choking perform behavior rituals b c of obsessions reduce anxiety Ex heading shaking rubbing foot over crack in ground superstitions Compulsions Cycle of anxiety ritual to get rid of anxiety obsession o Qualifications 1 hr day consumed by obsessions compulsions Interference w work social life o Common Manifestations of OCD Contamination germs Symmetry Celebrity Examples Howard Hughes portrayed by Leo DiCaprio in The excessive hand washing sanitizing orderly symmetrical environment Aviator David Beckham Daniel Tosh o Causes Biological More activity in brain s caudate nucleus habits Strep throat early OCD in children Learning through Operant Conditioning o Treatment combo of techniques Behavioral exposure response prevention Ex obsessed w cleanliness don t allow to wash hands for a while Relabeling obsessions compulsions not based in reality but are medical Cognitive symptoms Refocusing constructive behavior when obsession appears Dissociative Identity Disorder Start of 3rd lecture PPT notes o AKA Multiple Personality Disorder o Can be triggered by cough stress trauma alcohol use etc o RARE o 2 IDs alters alternately control person s behavior Original denies others Caused by physical sexual abuse as child Imagines trauma is happening to someone else evidence o Reported cases skyrocket from 1970s now 1000 to 30000 Increases caused by movies 3 Faces of Eve 1950s Sybil 1970s o Controversial Symptoms come out most dramatic after starting therapy Alters appear during hypnosis during therapist s probing Schizophrenia b c so rare Reports come from small group of therapists real or not No treatment 1 o split mind in Latin mind split from reality losing touch w reality o Affects thoughts perceptions feelings actions o RARE severe COSTLY o Costs Homelessness Drug Alcohol Addiction Suicide 10 15 10 50 o Positive Symptoms Delusions irrational beliefs about world Persecution someone is trying to kill you Grandeur more important than you actually are Thought Broadcasting government agencies read your thoughts Auditory hearing things no one else is hearing Visual seeing things no one else is seeing incoherent speech weird thinking word salad perceptions not actually there Disordered thinking Hallucinations o Negative Symptoms Lack of Motivation Emotions Ex laugh at a funeral Poverty of Speech flat inappropriate o Causes problems w work school health etc less talking fewer words lower verbal fluency identical twins 50 chance one will get it if other has it prenatal viral infections oxygen deprivation at birth can cause Genetic Non genetic problems to baby o Brain Abnormalities Enlarged ventricles Gray matter reduced Dopamine over reactivity positive symptoms Low brain activity in frontal lobes negative symptoms empty spaces in skull more empty space or less brain outside covering of brain cortex o Treatment Mostly w anti psychotic meds Rule of Quarters get well not sick again take meds live independently take meds live in group facility won t recover o 15 won t respond to meds o 10 suicide Recovery prognosis based on onset type Acute good Chronic not good
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