Jennie Thorp Chapter 15 Chapter 15 Notes 57 1 Discuss Prohibition appeal to Michigan s a businesses b churches and c politicians pp 256 a The Anti Saloon League undertook a campaign to rid America of saloons which one Michigan advocate pointed out contributed so largely to human sorrow Using an economic argument the League maintained saloons left workers inefficient careless and less punctual Scientific studies showed that alcohol slowed the brain and nervous system leading to worker inefficiency These conditions proved particularly detrimental for assembly line workers which led automakers to become staunch prohibitionists b Churches took up the Prohibition cause In Detroit 100 churches sponsored a visit by the nationally recognized evangelist William Billy Sunday whose Booze Sermon condemned alcohol for destroying families and creating criminals c November 7 thousands of Michiganians went to the polls and overwhelmingly supported a constitutional amendment prohibiting the manufacture sale keeping for sale giving away bartering or furnishing alcoholic beverages except for medicinal chemical scientific or sacramental purposes beginning May 1 1918 The Michigan vote had national ramifications since no state east of the Mississippi River and no city as large as Detroit had gone dry 2 Explain the impact of Prohibition on the state with regard to a law enforcement b smuggling across the border with Canada c corruption and d the politics of Repeat pp 258 262 272 73 a Police grew careless interpreting the law especially in obtaining search warrants to raid private residences b All Canadian provinces except Quebec chose to continue their wartime Prohibition experience However the Canadian federal government allowed distilleries and breweries to manufacture Jennie Thorp Chapter 15 booze for export Canadian officials often looked the other way since they collected millions of dollars in tax revenue The Michigan Ontario border became a battleground as U S Law enforcement agencies attempted to stop the flow of liquor into the country c No matter what officials did they could not stop the flow of illegal booze Inadequate funding d The Great Depression invigorated repeal advocated who maintained that ending Prohibition meant raising revenue through licensing and taxation while guaranteeing manufacturing jobs as unemployment worsened 3 Examine the state of race relations in Michigan in the 1920 s with reference to a demographic change b the political power of the KKK c the problem of segregation in Detroit and d the trials of Dr Ossian Sweet pp 262 68 a Detroiters grew apprehensive watching their city become multi ethnic multi religious and multi racial Those who feared the change turned to the Ku Klux Klan which burst onto the scene especially in norther cities during the early 1920s b The Klan flexed its new found muscle by supporting a KKK learning Republican candidate for governor and a measure outlawing parochial schools The KKK also actively supported the write in candidacy of Charles Bowles for Detroit mayor c Disease especially pneumonia and tuberculosis proved a constant threat because people lived too close and no one was vaccinated Then there was the matter of police harassment During the first half of 1925 the police shot 55 black males and some had even been executed White Detroiters also intended to keep the city segregated d Dr Ossian Sweet prepared to confront the bigoted world of segregated housing in Detroit He could not have anticipated the challenge that lay ahead He was a young black doctor 4 Explain the reforms instituted by Governor Alexander Groesbeck p 268 Jennie Thorp Chapter 15 a Often a controversial figure Born in Macomb County and a graduate of the University of Michigan Law School He established a law practice in Detroit that flourished He served two terms as state attorney general He was elected governor in 1922 Groesbeck s many initiatives included centralizing road planning and construction financed by a new two cent per gallon gas tax The monies improved 6 500 miles of road and built 2 000 ever the frequent use of his veto power combined with his brusque manner and his no nonsense attitude led to comparisons with Italian dictaor Benito Mussolini Dissatisfaction among some Republicans coupled with a rebellion among some Administrative Board members led to Groesbeck s downfall After being denied his party s nomination for a fourth term he sought the governorship in 1930 and 5 Describe a the process by which women gained the vote and b the advocacy of Anna Howard 1934 without success Smith pp 268 272 a Ernestine L Rose became the first woman to address the state legislature A Polish native who migrated to the United States with her English husband in the mid 1830s Rose spent three decades advocating women s rights A year after her 1846 Michigan visit a few state legislators responded favorably to the notion of granting women the right to vote Most others however ridiculed the notion As Michigan women headed to the polls Congress sent the Nineteenth Amendment which enfranchised women to the states b Leading national suffrage advocate with solid early Michigan connections She earned theological and medical degrees She became the first woman ordained by the Methodist Protestant church She was a powerful speaker Leadership roles with the National Woman s Suffrage Association Spoke in every state and before many state legislatures and congressional committees Earned accolades for serving as the chairman of the Committee of Women s Defense Work during World War 1 Jennie Thorp Chapter 15