Chapter 12 Personality Disorders Key 1 According to the definition of personality disorder only individuals who show patterns of maladaptive behavior should be diagnosed with a personality disorder A suicidal B the most severe C relatively permanent D highly variable All of the following are necessary conditions for the diagnosis of a personality disorder EXCEPT A patient feelings of distress B pervasive pattern of behavior C maladaptive functioning D chronic course of behavior On which axis of DSM IV are personality disorders coded A I II C III D IV 4 The reason that personality disorders are coded on Axis II of DSM IV TR is that A they relate to extreme deficits in functioning B there is a relationship between personality disorder and mental retardation C they are biological in nature D they relate to more ingrained and permanent features than other disorders When someone has a personality disorder A the person may believe there is nothing wrong with them B the person is always distressed by their disorder C the disorder may come and go D the disorder tends to start very suddenly 6 Unlike schizophrenia or an eating disorder personality disorders can be viewed as disorders of A biology rather than learning B learning rather than disease C degree rather than kind D functioning rather than disease 1 2 3 5 7 Clinicians who view personality disorders as extremes of normal personality rather than as have criticized the way DSM IV TR classifies personality disorders A medical conditions B biologically based traits C separate categories of disorders D impaired functioning 8 Both John and Fred meet the diagnostic criteria for paranoid personality disorder John s friends are aware of his paranoia although he continues to live a meaningful life Fred s paranoia is so extreme that he finds it hard to function in society The DSM IV TR Axis II diagnosis for these individuals would be A exactly the same B categorically different C in the same category but reflect the different levels of pathology D in the same category with different specifiers 9 The five factor model of personality includes all of the following as personality dimensions EXCEPT 10 Cross cultural research on the five factor model of personality suggests that A there is no such thing as a universal human personality structure B the five dimensions are fairly universal C only two dimensions are universal D Western type personality structure differs from the non Western type 11 A therapist who views personality disorders as a continuum sees Axis II Disorders in terms of 12 DSM IV TR divides personality disorders into distinct clusters A extroversion B conscientiousness C expressiveness D emotional stability A dimensions B categories C attitudes D groups A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 2 13 Which of the following would not be an advantage of a dimensional model of personality disorders A increased information B flexibility C avoiding arbitrary decisions about diagnosis D it would clearly categorize people 14 Which set of adjective pairs correctly describes the clusters into which DSM IV TR personality disorders are grouped A odd eccentric dangerous inconsistent and shy withdrawn B shy withdrawn anxious fearful and dangerous inconsistent C shy withdrawn dramatic emotional and bizarre thought disordered D odd eccentric dramatic emotional and anxious fearful 15 In the U S the prevalence of personality disorders is estimated to be between A 1 and 5 B 5 and 2 5 C 2 5 and 5 D 5 and 10 16 The characteristic features of personality disorders tend to develop with A rapid onset in late adolescence B gradual onset in adulthood C rapid onset in adulthood D onset in childhood that is difficult to pinpoint 17 According to your textbook the main reason that we do not have sufficient research examining the development of personality disorders is that A many individuals do not seek treatment in the early phases of these disorders B there is insufficient research funding for these disorders due to relative lack of public awareness C sophisticated research methods are necessary to study disorders that are so ingrained in personality D all of these are correct 18 According to your text it is likely that future users of the DSM will A eliminate personality disorders altogether B emphasize categorical views of personality disorders C incorporate elements of a dimensional approach to personality disorders D Will reduce the number of personality disorders listed 3 19 The cluster approach to categorizing personality disorders is based on A resemblance B recognition C redundancy D repetition 20 A study by Ford and Widiger 1989 suggests that the gender differences observed in the prevalence of many personality disorders i e histrionic dependent antisocial may be due to A genetic differences B gender specific learned behavior patterns C gender bias on the part of the diagnosing clinician D cultural scripts that dictate the type of disordered behavior appropriate for each gender 21 A woman demonstrating very stereotypical female traits probably would be diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder Which of the following would probably occur if a man demonstrated very stereotypical masculine traits A He would be given a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder B He would be given a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder C He would be given a diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder D He would not be diagnosed with a personality disorder The diagnosis of more than one personality disorder in an individual patient is 22 A common B impossible unless the person suffers from dissociative identity disorder C rare D only possible for personality disorders in the same DSM IV cluster 23 Max is always sure that others are trying to harm him His perception that the world is a threatening place impacts most of his life Most likely Max would be diagnosed with the personality disorder called 24 An individual presents for treatment and keeps talking about how gangsters are out to get him Before diagnosing paranoid personality disorder we must determine whether A histrionic B avoidant C paranoid D antisocial A his fears are justified B his family life is stable C he has ever been in trouble with the law D he avoids socialization 4 25 The language barrier of refugees from other countries and people with hearing impairments may make these individuals particularly susceptible to 26 You are waiting to board a plane when you hear that the flight has been delayed due to a passing