IS 323 Unit 1 Intro to IS 10 01 2014 What is new in Management Information Systems In the technology are there are 3 interrelated changes o 1 The emerging digital platform iPhones Blackberrys o 2 The growth of online software service o 3 The growth in cloud computing where more and more business software runs over the internet Social Network Collaboration Spaces o Teams Globalization Challenges and Opportunities A Flattened World Information Systems enable globalization Trade Imports and Exports Outsourcing Global Scale The Emerging Digital Firm Digital Firm is one in which nearly all of the organization s significant business relationships with customers suppliers and employees are digitally enables and mediated Core business processes are accomplished through digital networks spanning the entire organization or linking multiple organizations Business Processes refer to the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated Perspectives on Information Systems Information Technology consists of all hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives What is an Information System Information System can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect or retrieve process store and distribute information to support decision making coordination and control in an organization o Help managers and workers analyze problems visualize complex subjects and create new products Information Data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings Data in contrast are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use Three activities in information systems produce the information that organizations need to make decisions control operations analyze problems and create new products or services o Inputs captures or collects raw data from with the organization or from its external environment o Processing converts this raw input into a meaningful form o Output transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used o Feedback is output that is returned to appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct the input stage Computer and computer programs Dimensions of Information Systems Information Systems Literacy we refer to the broader understanding of information systems which encompasses an understanding of the management and organizational dimensions of systems as well as technical dimensions of systems Computer literacy focuses primarily on knowledge of information technology Management Information Systems MIS tries to achieve this broader information systems literacy o Behavioral issues as well as technical issues Organizations Key Elements people structure business processes politics and culture Levels in a firm o Senior Management makes long range strategic decisions about products and services as well as endures financial performance of the firm o Middle Management carries out the programs and plans of senior management the business of the firm service o Operational Management is responsible for monitoring the daily activities of o Knowledge workers such as engineers scientists or architects design products or services and create new knowledge for the firm o Data workers such as secretaries or clerks assist with paperwork at all levels o Production or service workers actually produce the product and deliver the o Business functions specialized tasks performed business organizations consist of sales and marketing manufacturing and production finance and accounting and human resources o Culture fundamental set of assumptions values and ways of doing things that has been accepted Management Technology Management s job is to make sense out of the many situations faced by organizations make decisions and formulate action plans to solve organizational problems Responsible leadership Creative work driven by new knowledge and information Computer hardware is the physical equipment used for input processing and output activities in an information system Computer software consists of the detailed preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate the computer hardware components in an information system Data Management Technology consists of software governing the organization of data on physical storage media Networking and telecommunications technology consisting of both physical devices and software links the various pieces of hardware and transfers data from one physical location to another Network links two or more computers to share data or resources such as a printr o Internet biggest network o Intranets Internal corporate networks based on Internet Technology o Extranets Private intranets extended to authorized users outside the organization World Wide Web is a service provided by the Internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing receiving formatting and displaying information in a page format on the Internet Information Technology IT infrastructure provides the foundation or platform on which the firm can build its specific information systems New Products Services and Business Models Business Model describes how a company produces delivers and sells a product or Businesses continuously seek to improve the efficiency of their operations in order to 10 01 2014 Unit 1 CONT D Operational Excellence achieve higher profitability Ex Wal Mart service to create wealth Ex Apple Customer and Supplier Intimacy Improved Decision Making Ex Verizon Corporation Competitive Advantage Survival Legal duties When a business really knows its customers and serves them well the customers generally respond by returning and purchasing more Ex Mandarin Oriental in Manhattan JC Penny Information systems and technologies have made it possible for managers to use real time data from the marketplace when making decisions Doing things better than competitors charging less for superior products responding to customers and suppliers in real time all add up to higher sales and higher profits Ex Toyota Motor Company o Toxic Substances Control Act 1976 o The Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002 requires CPA firms to and their auditors to retain audit working papers and