Chapter 10 Intelligence Intelligence and learn from one s experiences the ability to direct one s thinking adapt to one s circumstances How Can Intelligence be Measured 2 ways to develop intelligence quotient IQ score 1 Ratio IQ 2 Deviation IQ statistic obtained by dividing a persona s mental age by the person s physical age and then multiplying the quotient by 100 average score of people in the same age group and then multiplying the quotient by 100 statistic obtained by dividing a person s test score by the Intelligence test scores are excellent predictors of income Ratio IQ for testing children and deviation IQ when testing adults Predict amount of education he she will receive Predicts health and longevity What is Intelligence Factor analysis correlations in terms of a small number of underlying factors general ability g and skills that are specific to the task s Two factor theory of intelligence a statistical technique that explains a large number of every task requires a combination of a people s responses on intelligence tests then looking broad survey of human abilities then look at which Confirmatory factor analysis 1 General factor 2 Group factors 3 Specific factors Data based approach at clusters ones intelligence tests measure Theory based approach 2 middle level abilities at first 1 Physical coordination 2 Academic skill 8 independent middle level activities 1 Memory and learning 2 Visual perception 3 Auditory perception 4 Retrieval ability 5 Cognitive speediness 6 Processing speed 7 Crystalized intelligence acquired through experience information 8 Fluid intelligence logical inferences ability to see abstract relationships and draw ability to retain and use knowledge that was 3 Kinds of Intelligence Sternberg 1 Analytic intelligence 2 Practical intelligence to find strategies for solving them solutions in everyday settings do now 3 Creative intelligence the ability to identify and define problems and the ability to apply and implement these the ability to generate solutes that other people the ability to reason about emotions and to use Emotional intelligence emotions to enhance reasoning Where does intelligence come from Heritability coefficient h 2 statistic that describes the proportion of the difference between people s scores that can be explained by the difference in their genes Shared environment relevant members of a household all relevant members of a household Flynn effect average IQ score is 30 points higher than a century ago environmental factors that are experienced by all environmental factors that aren t experienced by Nonshared environment Who is most intelligent Male IQ scores are more variable Tor range intellectually gifted Bottom range intellectually disabled Down syndrome caused by presence of 3rd copy of chromosome 21 Fetal alcohol syndrome caused by mother s alcohol use during pregnancy
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