Superficial Muscles of the shoulder Muscle Muscle Trapezius Upper Proximal origin Distal insertion Primary Action Occipital bone C1 C7 cervical spinous processes Elevate and upwardly rotate scapula Clavicle and Acromion process Image Middle T1 T5 thoracic spinous processes Spine of scapula Lower T6 T12 thoracic spinous process Base of spine of the scapula Scapular Retraction brings scapula closer to the spine Scapular depression Upward Rotation Deltoid Anterior Clavicle Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Shoulder flexion Horizontal Adduction Middle Acromion process Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Abducts humerus at shoulder as in upward flap Posterior Spine of scapula Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Extension horizontal Abduction Muscle Muscle Pectoralis Major Proximal origin Distal insertion Primary Action Clavicle Sternum costal cartilage ribs 1 7 Greater tubercle of humerus Image Clavicle Flexion of shoulder horizontal adduction medial rotation Sternum Extension from flexed position Adduction Pectoralis Minor Ribs 3 5 Coracoid process of scapula Depression protraction downwards rotation Latissimus Dorsi T7 Sternum iliac crest ribs 10 12 Intertubercular groove of humerus Adduction Medial rotation extension of shoulder Deep Muscles of the shoulder Rotator Cuff Muscle Supraspinatus Supraspinous Proximal origin Distal insertion Superior aspect of greater tubercle fossa Primary Action Abduction shoulder stabilization Image Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa Greater Tubercle Lateral external rotation stabilization Subscapularis Subscapular Lesser tubercle Medial rotation at fossa humerus Teres Minor Lateral border of Greater tubercle scapula Lateral rotation stabilization Teres Major Inferior angle of scapula Lesser tubercle Extension adducts medial rotation Muscles of the Arm Upper Arm Muscle Biceps brachii Muscle Long Head Proximal origin Distal insertion Radial tuberosity Superaglenoid tubercle of scapula more lateral Primary Action Shoulder flexion Elbow flexion supination Image Short Head Coracoid process of scapula Radial tuberosity Elbow flexion supination Muscle Triceps Brachii Muscle Long head Proximal origin Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Distal insertion Primary Action Olecranon process of Ulna Shoulder extension elbow extension Image Lateral head Lateral humerus Olecranon process of Ulna Elbow extension Medial head Posterior humerus Olecranon Elbow extension process of Ulna Red lateral Blue long Yellow Medial Muscle Coracobrachialis Proximal origin Coracoid process Midmedial Distal insertion Primary Action Image humerus Shoulder flexion adduction Brachialis Anterior distal humerus Coronoid process of ulna Elbow flexion Brachioradialis Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Styloid process of radius Elbow flexion Muscles of the Forearm and Hand Muscle Supinator Muscle Proximal origin Distal insertion Lateral Proximal radius epicondyle of humerus Primary Action Supinates hand Image Pronator teres Medial epicondyle of humerus Lateral middle shaft of radius Pronates hand Pronator quadratus Wrist watch muscle Distal anterior ulna Distal anterior radius Pronates hand Flexor carpi radialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Radial side 2nd 3rd metacarpal Flexes carpals wrist radial deviation ulnaris Medial epicondyle of humerus Ulna side of carpals pisiform hamate 5th metacarpals Wrist flexion ulnar deviation Muscle Extensor carpi Muscle radialis longus Proximal origin Distal insertion Lateral 2rd metacarpal supracondylar ridge of humerus Primary Action Wrist extension radial deviation Image radialis brevis Lateral epicondyle of humerus 3rd metacarpal Wrist extension Radial deviation ulnaris 5rd metacarpal Lateral epicondyle of humerus Wrist extension Ulnar deviation Muscle Muscle Extensor digitorum Proximal origin Distal insertion Middle distal Lateral epicondyle phalange 2nd through 5th digits Image Primary Action Extends wrist fingers
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