4 23 15 Week 14 Models of Abnormality cont d Freud Psychoanalysis behavioral abnormality is the result of repressing undesirable thoughts memories concerns Behaviorism abnormal behaviors are learned through a series of rewards punishments ex you re a child your parents don t pay attention because you start crying screaming they pay attention so that s what you grow up conditioned to do Cognitive Perspective abnormal behavior results from illogical thinking patterns people that verbalize thoughts these things always happen to me everyone hates me over generalize that makes them feel bad about themselves continue to be negative depressed Anxiety Disorders unrealistic or excessive anxiety Sometimes it can be tied to something specific fear but the other time it cannot free floating anxiety ex fear phobias driving literally can t function because you re so anxious free floating ex make themselves anxious become anxious about everything Specific Phobias fear of something in particular ridiculous thoughts if you don t do something in a particular way it might not Social Phobias fear of interacting with others or being in a social situation ex constant thoughts about germs that you think the germs will kill you fear of flying but your daughter lives in Florida must seek therapy to get over it obsessive intruding thoughts that occur again again need counseling people could not be able to maintain job relationships fear of public speaking Types of Anxiety Disorders Phobias irrational fears that cause people undue personal distress or interferes with normal functioning Obsessive Compulsive disorder OCD you ll spread to your friends kill them be done right etc Panic disorders sudden onset of extreme panic impending sense of doom Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD excessive anxiety worry occur more days than not for at least six months that interferes with normal functioning causes personal distress stressors post traumatic stress disorder PTSD anxiety disorder that develops after exposure to a traumatic event oppressive situation abuse or disaster when you have occasional panic attacks more than once one attack doesn t mean you have a disorder Symptoms racing heart rapid breathing out of body experience sweating dry mouth can often lead to depression other disorders they can t see the light at the end of their have to make sure to do things right constantly check everything compulsions ritualistic behavior that reduces anxiety ex washing your hands compulsively because it will relieve stress about germs more people just more anxious than others doesn t affect everyone the same two people can experience same traumatic experience it receives a lot of publicity because of people in active combat during war Characteristics Flashbacks any noise things can set it off emotionally avoidant so that they don t have highs lows very withdrawn relationships after traumatic may be dramatically distant only one may different disconnection any more like a normal person would be disturbed exaggerated on edge to help prevent with therapy to veterans get their lives back Apprehensive Nervous Difficulty concentrating Impulsive outburst could be aggressive violent emotions are out of control could also trigger flashback Desensitization ex if they see a movie with excessive violence they aren t effected Exaggerated Startle Response ex if you tap them from behind they will react quickly researchers are looking at how to prevent it why can some be effected others not how Q Not everyone develops PTSD after a traumatic event Why is that A some people have biological predisposition to develop PTSD after trauma what is it about this person that it doesn t affect them biological reasons markers Q What causes anxiety disorders A they are probably many causes of anxiety disorders psychologists approach anxiety disorders using the model of their choice Anxiety Disorders Psychoanalytic Approach anxiety disorders are the result of prepressed feelings thoughts Behavioral Approach anxiety disorders are learned over time Cognitive Approach anxiety disorders are the result of illogical irrational thinking patterns pattern of illogical thinking Magnification exaggeration of events ideas feelings All or nothing thinking must be perfect or it s completely ruined Overgeneralization single negative event is interpreted as a pattern of events Minimization only look at the bad minimizing the positive Mood Disorders disturbance in affect or emotion Also called effective disorders comorbidity two disorders exist together ex depression anxiety interact affect means emotion or mood affect disorders classified as mild moderate or severe Mild Mood Disorders may have it during a rough time in their live eventually can recover Dysthymia mild version of depression a moderate depression that lasts for two years or more and is typically associated with Major Clinical depression have to have mild depression for 2 years deeply depressed mood Cyclothymia mild version of bipolar period in your lives that is unpleasant it can make everything overwhelmingly someone that mood swings a little too much a cycling between sadness happiness that lasts more than two years unmotivated but also ridiculous productiveness some outside stressor difficult Major Mood Disorders that comes on fairly suddenly is out of proportion with the circumstances surrounding it things happening for them they ll still be sad everything planned out with no consequences doing everything on a whim crazy productive then you become deeply depressed because of those decisions can be just as extreme for happy people as sad manic episode totally euphoric so happy and there are no negative consequences ex wake up so motivated want to make a huge business sell all of your things woke up once day was overwhelmingly sad negative mentally physically in pain out of proportion out of anything going on in the world even if they have all good ex persons who would go out buy cars just to crash them feel the experience almost like they re high on a drug bipolar cycle between manic episodes extreme happiness depressive episode
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