Chapter 8 Homework a Proteins receptors a Endocytosis 1 Viruses ensure host cell specificity through the interaction of viral and host cell 2 The influenza virus like many enveloped RNA viruses enters host cells via 3 List the sequence of events in viral replication in the proper order a 1 Uncoating viral particle to make genetic material accessible b 2 Egress out of host cell c 3 Bind receptor on host cell d 4 Replication of viral genetic material e 5 Assembly of mature viral particles f g Answer 3 6 1 4 5 2 6 Viral particle enters host cell 4 Plant viruses move from cell to cell within the same plant by a Using cytoplasmic connections plasmodesmata to infect neighboring cells 5 Why is it difficult to design antiviral drugs a Viruses use a wide variety of host cell enzymes so host cells would also be impacted by the antiviral drug 6 Nucleoside analogs such as AZT are drugs that a Are structurally similar to normal nucleosides and interfere with nuclei acid replication 7 Protein synthesis is not a viable target for antiviral drugs because viruses use host cell ribosomes to make viral proteins a True 8 What is meant by the term host range a Range of cell types that can serve as a host for viral infection 9 What is the role of reverse transcriptase in retrovirus replication in host cells a To convert viral RNA to viral DNA 10 What is the role of integrase in retrovirus replication in host cells a To integrate the viral DNA into the host genome 11 How does the egress from the cell of an enveloped virus differ from a non enveloped virus a The enveloped virus requires the host cell membrane with inserted viral proteins for egress 12 How does the HIV drug treatment AZT inhibit viral DNA production a AZT is a thymidine analog causing chain termination 13 Negative sense single stranded RNA viruses must bring an RNA dependent RNA polymerase into the host cell with it while positive sense single stranded RNA viruses do not because a The genome of positive sense viruses can be used directly as mRNA for the translation of viral proteins including an RNA dependent RNA polymerase 14 A fundamental difference between eukaryotic viruses with DNA genomes versus those with RNA genomes is a Most eukaryal DNA viruses replicate in the host cell nucleus while most eukaryal RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm 15 HIV is typically treated with multiple drugs used in combination an approach known as HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment The benefits of such a cocktail approach are a Multiple drugs used in combination reduce the probability patients will develop drug resistant strains of HIV
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