FINAL STUDY GUIDE SPRING 2014 MINORITIES CRIME AND SOCIAL POLICY PLEASE NOTE CHAPTERS 10 12 15 THE CONCLUSION WILL BE COVERED ON THE EXAM BUT ARE NOT INCLUDED ON THE STUDYGUIDE Please Note The following questions are derived from Mann Zatz s Images of Color Images of Crime These questions are not intended to provide an exhaustive review or summary of the information that you will be examined on This is supplementary material and should be used in conjunction with class notes discussions and a detailed reading of the chapters Be sure to answer the discussion questions at the end of each chapter Memorizing this material alone will not adequately prepare you for the exam Don t forget to review the information study guide from the Russell Color of Crime Book Mann Zatz s Images of Color Images of Crime Forward Introduction How does Derrick Bell define Crime and the linkage between color and crime Crime is designed to help readers recognize how popular perceptions of crime and criminality are racialized By linking images of color with images of crime the book makes the stereotypes underlying media reporting on crime ad criminality more apparent According to Derrick Bell is racism a temporary or permanent phenomenon in America What does Derrick Bell have to say about civil rights According to Mann Zatz which racial ethnic group has been the subject of the greatest number of empirical studies Why African American has been the subject of the greatest number of empirical studies because more information is available from which authors can draw from What was different in the 2000 Census regarding race U S population counts included categories for multiethnic and multiracial responses What is Mann Zatz s position on race What definition does Mann Zatz offer for the term racism borrowed from Omi and Winant Racism can be described as social practices which attribute merits or allocate values to members of racially categorized groups solely because of their race What do Mann Zatz say about the racism African Americans have specifically experienced What is intersectionality as defined by Mann Zatz Race ethnicity and gender cannot be separated An African American woman is never just black she is also always a woman and she is also always black How does Georges Abeyie define petite apartheid realities These are everyday activities that contribute to poor relations between the police and persons of color such routine stop and question or stop and frisk law enforcement practices How do Mann Zatz define Racial Formation Racial formation is the process by which people attach meaning and importance to racial categories What role does racial formation play at the individual level What is the consequence of thinking about racial formation this way At the individual level racial formation is part of the process which people formulate their identities when we think about it this way it becomes clear that race plays a central role in social relations and cannot be reduced to something else such as socioeconomic class or nationality What is Individual Societal Racial Formation Why does the author state that we need to look at the way in which we define crime Compare and contrast exploitation marginalization and powerlessness Exploitation is the process whereby the work performed by one group is benefits a different group Slavery is an example of such Marginalization is a form of social oppression than exploitation Among social categories the marginalized may be old people young African Americans and Latinos who are unable to secure jobs single mothers the physical disabled or American Indians living on reservations Powerlessness refers to daily situation of those who have little or no control over their working conditions They can make few if any decisions in the workplace and are not allowed any creativity in designing the work product or even in deciding how best to do their work Example clerk at drugstore food server at McDonald s According to Mann Zatz are racial and ethnic stereotypes gendered Yes because typically stereotypes connect something about the nature of subordinated groups to an undeniable and often visible aspect of their bodies CHAPTER ONE According to James Riding In what factor s influence shape the worldviews customs and values of Indians in contemporary U S Heritages continue to shape our worldviews customs and values in an often hostile and complex Define millennia Our traditions on the North American continent prceded the first arrival of European colonizers in the late 1400s What does James Riding In say about words like squaw buck savage redskin heathen loafer and drunk Those words deny us humanity because our religions were not Christian the invading Europeans often called us heathens pagans and infidels What is the issue with Hollywood movies such as Westerns They offered the viewing public an image of Indians that was popularized the 18th and 19th centuries Producers presented Indians as savages barriers to western expansion According to James Riding In who benefits more from federal programs the average American citizen or the Indian The average American Citizen According to James Riding In what was the trail of tears What was the Indian Removal Act The trail of tears was because they suffered the loss of about a third of their population the Cherokees called their forced removal from Georgia to the Indian Territory The Indian Removal Act was to prevent Indians from falling under the corrupting influences of white society and to open millions of acres for non Indian settlement it passed the Removal Act The faced the trauma of leaving behind the graves of their loved ones the sites where they worshipped and the places of their birth James Riding In describes America as a hostile complex world that often demands conformity in thought action and deed Does this view support the notion of Assimilation or Pluralism What happened during Columbus reign as Spanish viceroy and governor of Hispanola from 1493 1500 More than half a million natives died from harsh treatment execution warfare or diseases When did the stereotypes of Indians change from positive to negative What were the early consequences of those negative stereotypes What is proselytism How is it related to the treatment of Natives To ensured that people characterized one day as kind noble and trustworthy It relates to them when the Europeans needed the natives they saw them as such According to James Riding In what was