MAN4143 Exam 4 Study Guide Chapter 6 Courage and Moral Leadership Moral Leadership Distinguishing right from wrong and doing right seeking the just honest and good in the practice of leadership Preconventional Level the level of personal moral development in which individuals are egocentric and concerned with receiving external rewards and avoiding punishments Conventional Level the level of personal moral development in which people learn to conform to the expectations of good behavior as defined by colleagues family friends and society Postconventional Level the level of personal moral development in which leaders are guided by an internalized set of principles universally recognized as right or wrong Stewardship a belief that leaders are deeply accountable to others as well as to the organization without trying to control others define meaning and purpose for others or take care of others Servant Leadership leadership in which a leader transcends self interest to serve the needs of others help others grow and provide opportunities for others to gain materially and emotionally Courage the ability to step forward through fear Abilene Paradox the tendency of people to resist voicing their true thoughts or feelings in order to please others and avoid conflict Whistleblowing employee disclosure of illegal immoral or unethical practices in the organization Ethical Pressure that Challenge Leaders The most dangerous obstacles for leaders are personal weakness and self interest rather than full scale corruption Pressures to cut costs increase profits meet the demands of vendors or business partners and look successful can all contribute to ethical lapses During the boom years in the housing market for example many lenders appraisers builders realtors and investment firms simply got caught up in the belief that housing prices would continue to rise and they pushed aside any concerns in the pursuit of profits Actions that Make Leaders Go Wrong The Unethical Leader Is arrogant and self serving Excessively promotes self interest Practices deception Breaches agreements Deals unfairly Shifts blame to others Diminishes others dignity Neglects follower development Withholds help and support Lacks courage to confront unjust acts The Ethical Leader Possesses humility Maintains concern for the greater good Is honest and straightforward Fulfills commitments Strives for fairness Takes responsibility Shows respect for each individual Encourages and develops others Serves others Shows courage to stand up for what is right The Concept of being Self Serving to Serving Others What is that called What is Servant Leadership Servant Leadership leadership in which a leader transcends self interest to serve the needs of others help others grow and provide opportunities for others to gain materially and emotionally The Steward and the Authoritarian leader distinguish those types Steward Leaders 1 Reorient toward a partnership assumption 2 Localize decisions and power to those closest to the work and the customer 3 Recognize and reward the value of labor 4 Expect core work teams to build the organization Authoritarian Leaders Power purpose and privilege reside with those at the top for the organization At this stage leaders set the strategy and goals as well as the methods and rewards for attaining them Organizational stability and efficiency are paramount and followers are routinized and controlled along with machines and raw materials Subordinates are given no voice in creating meaning and purpose for their work and no discretion as to how they perform their jobs The leaders mindset is on tight top down control employee standardization and specialization and management by impersonal measurement and analysis What is Moral Development Characterized by How to act like a Moral Leader 1 Develop articulate and uphold high moral principles 2 Focus on what is right for the organization as well as all the people involved 3 Set the example you want others to live by 4 Be honest with yourself and others 5 Drive out fear and eliminate undiscussables 6 Establish and communicate ethics policies 7 Develop a backbone show zero tolerance for ethical violations 8 Reward ethical conduct 9 Treat everyone with fairness dignity and respect from the lowest to the highest level 10 Do the right thing in both your private and professional life even when no one is of the organization looking What does Courage entail Courage means accepting responsibility Some people let life happen to them leaders make things happen Leaders demonstrate courage by openly taking responsibility for their failures and mistake rather than avoiding blame or shifting it to others Courage often means nonconformity Leadership courage means going against the grain breaking tradition reducing boundaries and initiating change They go against status quo Leaders are willing to take risks for a larger ethical purpose and they encourage others to do so Courage means pushing beyond the comfort zone When people go beyond the comfort zone they encounter an internal wall of fear People may encounter the internal wall of fear when about to ask someone for a date confront the boss break off a relationship launch an expensive project or change careers Facing the internal wall of fear is when courage is needed most Courage means asking for what you want and saying what you think Leaders have to speak out to influence others However the desire to please others especially the boss can sometimes block the truth Everyone wants approval so its difficult to say things when you think others will disagree or disapprove Abilene Paradox the tendency of people to resist voicing their true thoughts or feelings in order to please others and avoid conflict Courage means to speak your mind even when you know others may disagree with you and may even deride you It also means asking for what you want and setting boundaries Courage means fighting for what you believe Leaders take risks but they do so for a higher purpose It means doing what you believe is right even when this goes against the status quo and possibly opens you to failure and personal sacrifice Ex Peter Rost a physician formerly with Pfizer Inc took a stand calling for legislation to allow the import of lower priced medicines from Canada and elsewhere a practice Pfizer and other U S drug companies strongly oppose Rost took the career risk because he believed the legislation would benefit the large number of sick people in the