Quiz 3 February 19 2013 from Homeworks 5 6 and Feb 5 7 12 and 14 lectures 1 What is a plankton A drifting organism 2 Why are phytoplankton critical for marine life D All of these choices They are large contribution to food webs they generate massive amounts of atmospheric oxygen They are able to bind billions of tons of carbon into carbohydrates 3 4 5 7 8 9 What photosynthetic organism is found in the tissues of coral A Dinoflagellates What is usually responsible for a harmful algal bloom D Dinoflagellates A highly biological productive ocean surface appears chalky what plankton is likely successful here C C Coccolithophores What do researchers use to directly measure the rate of productivity C Carbon 14 What is essential in the restoration and continuation of photosynthetic productivity in the ocean A Upwelling Why is photosynthesis inhibited at the very top layer of the ocean surface B There is too much light What is the most abundant larger zooplankton Also called cows of the sea C Copepods 10 What is created due to the decomposition of falling biological debris and zooplankton fecal activity B Oxygen Minimum Zone 11 What are diatom shells made of Silica 12 Which of the following are DIC Sigma 13C H2CO3 TIC 13 Most phytoplankton are plants TRUE 14 Which of the following are true of chemotrophs Autotrophs that use chemical energy to fix carbon For questions 15 17 use the graph below to answer the questions 15 Which nutrient in the graph above is regenerated faster A When concentration is increasing faster that means it is also regenerated faster 16 In which zone is net remineralization occurring D 17 Which characteristic s are true of the nutrients A and B There is an upward direction of flux For questions 18 21 use the graph below to answer the questions 18 Which of the following is true of zone A in the graph above Sunlit autotrophic photosynthesis shell formation wind driven circulation oxygen production net carbon fixation 19 In which zone in the graph above does consumption result in an oxygen minimum zone C 20 Which of the following is true of zone D in the graph above No sunlight heterotrophic shell dissolution respiration dominates particle decomposition remineralization density driven circulation thermohaline circulation 4 21 Which of the following can be driven by gravity Currents thermohaline circulation For questions 22 23 use the graph below to answer the questions This graph shows the curves for nutrients phytoplankton sunlight and zooplankton in temperate ocean waters in the northern hemisphere e g North Pacific 22 Which curve in the graph above represents nutrients A 23 Which of the following does curve D in the graph above represent REASON this out when is sunlight abundant and who eats what who Zooplankton 24 The compensation depth is where algae consume oxygen for respiration at the same rate at which they produce oxygen by photosynthesis 25 Nearshore productivity is almost always more productive than open ocean productivity TRUE For questions 26 29 use the graphs below to answer the questions Note that the nitrate concentration is in M moles liter and the depth is in meters For question 34 use the values below to answer the question 26 to 28 mangrove 22 to 20 marine phytoplankton 14 to 12 marsh grass 7 to 10 marine seagrass 34 2 0 3 43 3 43 35 3 113C value of 21 what is that animal most likely eating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Quiz 4 March 5 2013 from Homeworks 7 8 and Feb 19 21 26 and 28 lectures Which animal is considered to be a suspension feeder C Sponges What do squid use as a decoy defense mechanism C Coagulate Ink Which phylum is found exclusively in marine habitats C Echinodermata What makes up the greatest biomass of any species on Earth excepting bacteria B Krill What percentage of all living and fossil animals are invertebrates D 90 How do some predatory sharks find their prey D All of these choices What is the basis for life in the hydrothermal vent community B Chemosynthetic organisms What is water called when it is a mixture of both freshwater and seawater B Brackish water What is a community B A group of interacting organisms of different species 10 What do most deep water consumers depend on for survival A The productivity of the water column above 11 Photosynthetic autotrophs changed the composition of the atmosphere during the oxygen revolution TRUE 12 Schooling behavior makes normally small fish appear like a large organism from a distance TRUE 13 The conditions of the deep ocean the eternal darkness the cold hypersaline water and the high pressure limits the extent of deep ocean floor communities FALSE 14 Biodiversity is the role of species in a given area FALSE 15 In Antarctica when there is a winter with extensive ice coverage that lasts long the following seasons have a density of krill and a density of salp 16 Which of the following best describes the lifestyle of krill 17 Krill primarily fed on which of the following 18 The Antarctic krill fishery is 19 Over the past couple of decades krill density has been declining During this period krill predator populations have been 20 Convergent evolution is 21 For every gram of CO2 that a plant fixes it loses gram s of water through its stomata 2 2 I f a p l a n t i s a m o r e o p e n s y s t e m t h a t i s 3 3 6 7 8 9 1 1 3 C o f its leaf tissue will be than a plant which is more closed and loses less water it conserves water when it photosynthesizes 23 3 113C value is the most 13C enriched 24 Stable isotope pairs The nuclide of the pair is always trace 25 The carbon isotopic composition of methane is most likely 26 Enzymatic isotopic fractionation is an example of what kind of isotope effect 27 The 113C of C 3 terrestrial organic matter is 28 The 113C of C 4 organic matter corn Spartina alterniflora sugarcane is 29 What percent of the carbon in the lithosphere is in the organic reservoir For the mass balance equation remember the organic reservoir is 28 and the total for the Earth is 7 while the carbonate reservoir is 0 6 26 Flux is going down in which graph s Graph C 27 For graph B the flux is 4 0 X 10 10 nmoles cm2 s from point 4 to 3 and the flux is 1 0 X 10 9 nmoles cm2 s from point 3 to 2 Which of the following is true of graph B 28 For graph A the flux is 5 2 X 10 9 nmoles cm2 s from point 5 to 4 and the flux is 1 7 X 10 9 nmoles cm2 s from point 4 to 3 Which of the following is true of graph A For 27 28 you should be able to determine which way the flux …