English 112 Literature Review Synthesis Matrix: American Teens and Slang Social Sciences: Observation Report 1Zhou, Fan Al Shlowiy Sevina, Mills, Atwood, ChaAmerican teens and trends in developing new slang terms- “American youths, especially the teenagers and college students, are the main consumers and makers of Slang. “(p.2211)- “They are radical in every aspect including their ways of using language.” (p.2211)- Teens aren’t afraid of making mistakes and willing to explore the unknown (within language especially)(p.2211)- “Adolescents and teenagers use texting language extensively to communicate.” (p.456)- When regarding text language as a form of slang, “children are more sensitive to orthographic patterns and they are more able to play with them to create texts.” (p.460)Technology/media and the shift of social linguistic tendencies- Teens “tend to make good use of slang terms created by musicians, pop singers, or those engaged in popular trends” (p.2211)- “Texting language, textese, Internet language, digital language, and chatting language. Such expressions build up a new variety of English that is very common among Internet users, bloggers, chatters, gamers, andteenagers in general. It is considered an informal written language, much like slang, which is an informal spoken variety of the language. This paper uses the term “texting language” (TL) to mean all these kinds of messages, expressions, and abbreviations.” (p. 455)- “Today, technology is redefining thefundamental cues, content, and cadence of our communication and the improvisational, uniquely human dimension of connection” (p.85)-English 112 Literature Review Synthesis Matrix: American Teens and Slang Social Sciences: Observation Report 2Zhou, Fan Al Shlowiy Sevina, Mills, Atwood, ChaUse of slang and cultural / social settings- “If someone uses the words and expressions within a certain social group or professional group, they willblend with the groups member” (p.2212)- “Slang is a class of language among other social and psychological uses todeny allegiance to elite and proper society” (p.2212)- “The general opinion that texting language and its profuse use of abbreviations and slang can impact negatively on student language and literacy. Text messaging is not the threat many fear it is.” (p.457)- “Teachers can use the texting phenomenon as a perfect example toteach language change and innovation.” (p.457) It is the census across all three of these articles used in this research that technology and media play a major role in the distinct evolution of language and speech specifically in the developmental teen age range. Teens are engulfed in technology, i.e. television, smart phones, and internet. These advances subject them to terms from a plethora of influences. “Today, technology is redefining the fundamental cues, content, and cadence of our communication” (Sevina, Mills, Atwood, Cha, 2017, p. 85). Abbreviations, text language, etc. is considered slang, that develop within the youth range in America. According to Zhou and Fan, “American teens are the main consumers and makers of slang” (p.2211). Considering that text language is a form of slang, Al Slowiy concurs that “children are more sensitive to orthographic patterns and they are more able to play with them to create texts”. (p.460). Slang expressions are useful in this developmental range socially, it helps them fit into cliques or have a sense of belonging, likewise to also create a sense of identity and stand out among others. (Zhou,Y., Fan, Y., 2013, p. 2212). Text language could be considered as a bad thing, however Al Shlowiy suggested that “teachers can use the texting phenomenon as a perfect example to teach language change and innovation.” (p.457).English 112 Literature Review Synthesis Matrix: American Teens and Slang Social Sciences: Observation Report 3ReferencesAl Showiy, Ahmed (2014) Text abbreviations and language learning. International Journal of Arts & Sciences, Vol. 7, issue 3, pages 455+, retrieved from http://www.go.galegroup.comSavina, E., Mills, J., Atwood, K., Cha, J. (2017) Digital media and youth: a primer for school psychologists. Contemporary School Psychology, Vol. 21, pages 80-91, retrieved from http://www.go.galegroup.comZhou, Y., Fan, Y. (2013) A sociolinguistic study of American slang. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 3, issue 12, pages 2209+, retrieved from