Xavier GERM 101 - Labor and Society - Questions and Answers

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Catholic Social Teaching on Labor and Society http://www.miraclerosarymission.org/hab270.htm1. What Church social encyclical was written to commemorate the 90th anniversary ofRerum Novarum revolutionary change)?a. Laborem Exercens (On Human Labor 2. What is the focus of this encyclical?a. Homo faber (man as worker)3. How does Pope John Paul consider work in his encyclical?a. The “key to the social question”4. What does work mean?a. Work means “any activity by man, whether manual or intellectual, whateverits nature or circumstances;b. It means any activity that can and must be recognized as, in the midst of allthe many activities of which man is capable.”5. What distinguishes man from the rest of the animal world?a. Work6. Why must man work?a. To earn his daily breadb. To contribute to the continual advancement of science and technologyc. To elevate cultural and moral level of society within which he lives7. What makes work a fundamental dimension of man’s existence on earth?a. Man is the image of God partly through the mandate received from hiscreator to subdue, to dominate, the earth.8. What makes work a transitive activity?a. It is an activity beginning in the human subject and then is directed towardan external object.b. It presupposes a specific dominion by man over the earth.c. It confirms and develops, simultaneously, this dominion.9. What does the phrase ‘the earth’ mean?a. It means that fragment of the visible universe that man inhabits.10.What does the expression ‘subdue the earth’ mean?a. It means the all the resources that the earth contains and which, through theconscious activity of man, can be discovered and used for his ends.11.What is God’s original ordering? a. The tools which man invents, the technology he uses, are to be employed insuch a manner as conforms to the moral order, with God's original plan forhis creation. 12.What is work in its objective sense?Page 1 of 4a. In its objective sense work refers to what is accomplished by our work:agriculture, industry, services, research, and the results of human ingenuitywhich are machines and technology.13.What does technology mean?a. Technology refers to the whole set of instruments which man uses in hiswork. b. It facilitates his work, perfects, accelerates and augments it. c. It leads to an increase in the quantity of things produced, and in many casesimproves their quality14.What is work in its subjective sense?a. Work in its subjective sense refers to man as the subject.15.What is the purpose of work in its subjective sense?a. Man's work must serve to realize his humanity, to fulfill the calling to be aperson that is his by reason of his very humanity.16.What manifests throughout the process of work?a. Man manifests himself and confirms himself as the one who "dominates."17.What is the ethical value of work?a. "Human work has an ethical value of its own, which clearly and directlyremains linked to the fact that the one who carries it out is a person, aconscious and free subject, that is to say, a subject that decides abouthimself."18.What is the basis in determining the value of human work?a. It is the human person who does the work.19.Where can the sources of the dignity of work be sought?a. It is in the subjective sense of work.b. Man is the primary basis of the value of work, who is the subject.20.Which is correct to say: work is “for man” or man “for work”?a. Work is “for man”.21.What is the purpose of any given work?a. It is man who is the purpose of work.22.Is there any other purpose of work?a. None. Work either enriches man who is to ‘subdue the earth’ ordehumanizes man.23.What does ‘bonum arduum’ mean?a. It is a good not only in the sense of being useful or something to enjoy, it isalso something that corresponds to man's dignity that expresses this dignityand increases it.b. "Work is a good thing for man--a good thing for his humanity--becausethrough work man not only transforms nature, adapting it to his own needs,Page 2 of 4but he also achieves fulfillment as a human being and indeed in a sensebecomes 'more a human being' "24.Which is the priority: labor or capital?a. It is labor.25.What is always the primary efficient cause in the process of production?a. It is labor.26.What remains always as a mere instrument or instrumental cause in the process ofproduction?a. It is the capital.27.What is the purpose of ownership?a. Ownership of natural resources, i.e., private property in its original sense,means to make them part of one's workbench where man the workerrenders the earth fruitful for man's use. 28.Why is labor inseparable from capital?a. "When man works, using all the means of production, he also wishes thefruit of his work to be used by himself and others, and he wishes to be ableto take part in the very work process as a share in responsibility andcreativity at the workbench to which he applies himself". b. Man's work concerns not only the economy but also, and especially,personal values.29.What makes work a source of rights?a. Man must work both because the Creator has commanded it and because ofhis own humanity, which requires work in order to be maintained anddeveloped. 30.What are the three spheres of the subjective dimension of human work?a. The personal dimension of human work, which regards man as the subject ofwork and its true maker and creator. b. The forming of family life, where work is a condition for making it possible tofound a family, since the family requires the means of subsistence whichman normally gains through work. c. The great society to which man belongs to, the country of which he is a child,and for the whole human family of which he is a member, since he is the heirto the work of previous generations and at the same time a share in thebuilding the future of those who will come after him in the succession ofhistory. 31.What constitute the moral obligation of work?a. All the three spheres.32.How does work unite people?a. Work has a social power: the power to build community. Page 3 of 4b. Both those who work and those who manage the means of production orwho own them must in some way are united in this community.c. Their union remains a constructive factor of social order and solidarity, and itis impossible to ignore it. 33.How can


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