1 MANAGEMENT 3200 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS MOTIVATION 1 What are the five needs in Maslow s hierarchy of needs Know what each need is and be able to recognize what need is being satisfied in a given situation Physiological o Ex procreation sex food water shelter etc Safety security and stability o Ex good life insurance and retirement benefits Social belongingness acceptance friendship love o Ex wine and cheese party considerate employees Esteem recognitions and respect from other people for a job well done o Ex award banquet Self actualization maximizing your potential being all you can be knowledge for the sake of knowledge o Ex you win the award at the banquet or a big bonus at work o can satisfy all of them 2 According to Maslow what motivates your behavior Lowest unsatisfied need in the hierarchy 3 What does Maslow believe about satisfied needs Satisfied needs don t motivate you 4 If a need is frustrated what will the employee experience according to Maslow Can the employee still be motivated if his her needs are frustrated They ll be stuck demotivated can t go up or down the hierarchy They can t be motivated if their needs are frustrated 5 What needs are typically unsatisfied in most organizations Why is this the case What would help satisfy these needs Typically unsatisfied esteem and self actualization B c most jobs are specialized Enriched job would help satisfy or craft job 6 What need is the highest level of personal motivation How many people reach this level Is it ever fully satisfied or fulfilled Highest level of personal motivation self actualization Not many reach this level Never fully satisfied once you satisfy this need it is temporary then you want more 7 What is a peak experience Peak experience momentary self actualization 8 What does the research say about Maslow s hierarchy of needs Found 2 3 needs motivate behavior rather than the 5 propose by Maslow Everyone doesn t climb the hierarchy in the same progression not same value system or motivation Satisfied needs can still motivate an employee s behavior 9 What is a cafeteria style benefits plan 10 How would you apply Maslow s theory of motivation if you were a manager Maslow s theory of motivation o Different strokes for different folks o What motivates one does not always motivate another o What motivates an individual today may not motivate them tomorrow Have to be flexible and tailor the motivation to the individual 11 What are the three needs in ERG theory that can motivate behavior 2 E xistence 2 o Physiological o Safety R elatedness 2 o Social o Esteem I mportance of growth 1 o Self actualization 12 How do the three needs in ERG theory match up to the five needs in Maslow s hierarchy of needs See above need frustration 13 What does Alderfer s ERG theory say about a satisfied need Satisfied needs can still motivate 14 What is the frustration regression principle in ERG theory What does it say about If existence needs are satisfied then you move on to relatedness needs but you can always regress back to existence needs o Ex get a new job but hate your new employees and boss but you can always get a raise not stuck If a need is frustrated you can still be motivated 15 What does Herzberg say is the opposite of job satisfaction The opposite of job dissatisfaction Job satisfaction No job satisfaction Job dissatisfaction No job dissatisfaction 16 What is a motivator factor and what is it related to in 2 factor theory be able to recognize what are motivators on the job Motivators are like what needs in Maslow s hierarchy Factors that affect job satisfaction internal factors tasks you do and how they make you feel o Interesting challenging o Achievement o Recognition o Advancement o Sense of fulfillment creates job satisfaction Job enrichment Specialized jobs create no job satisfaction 2 factor theory the ones that caused them to be dissatisfied Like Maslow s needs of esteem and self actualization factors that cause an employee to be satisfied were different from 17 What is a hygiene factor and what is it related to in 2 factor theory be able to recognize what are hygiene s on the job Hygiene s are like what needs in Maslow s hierarchy Factors that prevent bad things from happening external factors o Pay o Benefits o Co workers o Supervisors o Working condition o Company policy If good create no job dissatisfaction 3 If bad create job dissatisfaction Cannot be motivated by hygienes 2 factor theory ones that caused them to be dissatisfied Like Maslow s needs of safety social and physiological factors that cause an employee to be satisfied were different from the 18 What does Herzberg advocate as the only way to motivate employees i e make them job satisfied Assumes everyone is expressively motivation towards work leaves out instrumental Job enrichment motivation 19 What is the effect of good pay good supervision good benefits etc on job dissatisfaction Can hygiene factors motivate people according to Herzberg It prevents it creating no job dissatisfaction No true motivation comes from within internal not external 20 If I gave you an example of a person holding a certain type of job e g specialized or enriched and having either good or poor hygienes e g pay benefits and supervision you will be able to tell me what the person is experiencing in terms of job satisfaction or no job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction or no job dissatisfaction JS enriched motivators NJS specialized JDS bad hygiene factors NJDS good Ex specialized job that pays poorly NJS and JDS worst case scenario Ex enrich job that pays well JS and NJDS best case scenario 21 What are the problems with Herzberg s 2 factor theory 1 Based on interview with accountants and engineers work force instrumental motivation was ignored here not representative of the entire o Works for white collar workers but not for blue collar workers 2 Way he conducted the interviews led to biased responses self serving bias o Self serving bias take credit for out successes and blame others for our failures 3 It s a one best way theory of motivation 4 Some people s hygiene s are other people s motivators 22 What is the basic premise behind goal setting theory o Intentions goals o The goals we have will influence what we exhibit 23 What does SCARF mean in goal setting theory There is a direct connection between what we intend to do and what we actually do S goals should be specific in terms of what s desired and when it s desired by C goals should be challenging yet