310A Exam One Study Guide Be sure you know all of the in class activities As you study think about how to apply the ideas to specific management situations You don t need to know specific business examples unless they were discussed for more than a minute or so in class You don t need to know the Exhibits in the book unless they were also in the powerpoint slides What do managers do Management Functions o Planning o Organizing o Leading o Controlling Roles Skills o Interpersonal o Informational o Decisional o Technical Skills o Human Skills o Conceptual skills Primary levels of analysis o Organizations systems level o Group Level o Individual level Differences between independent vs dependent variables o Dependent test score o Independent how much you studied Effective vs Efficient productivity Effective more time communicating Efficient successful more time networking Random assignment assigning at random Know understand concepts definitions of Turnover hiring new workers when employees are laidoff the rate at which employees leave a workforce and are replaced disruption of work process expenses of recruiting and training new employees the loss of employees with valuable skills knowledge and experience and low productivity of new employees during training Absenteeism failure to attend work reschedule work and reassign employees Productivity goes down Productivity the state or quality of producing something esp crops the effectiveness of productive effort esp in industry as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input Differences between conceptual skills technical skills human skills o Got it Organization o Organizational citizenship behavior people who do more than what is in the job description helping co workers accepting orders without a fuss makings timely and constructive comments about work unit or its head to outsiders protecting and conserving organizational resources Behaviors not required but engaged in to help others in the organization o Forces for change in organizations today Technological innovation Globalization Changing demographics Diversity Employee empowerment o Organizational Commitment the commitment level of employees degree to which an employee shows 1 A strong desire to remain a member of the organization 2 A willingness to exert high levels of effort on behalf of the organization 3 a belief in and acceptance of values and goals of the organization What is empowerment o A management practice of sharing information rewards and power with employees so that they can take initiative and make decisions to solve problems and improve service and performance Empowerment is based on the idea that giving employees skills resources authority opportunity motivation as well holding them responsible and accountable for outcomes of their actions will contribute to their competence and satisfaction Ability an individual capacity to perform the various tasks in a job o Kinds of ability Intellectual Abilities the capacity to do mental activities thinking Physical abilities the capacity to do tasks that demand stamina dexterity strength and similar characteristics reasoning and problem solving Number aptitude Verbal comprehension Perceptual speed Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Spatial visualization memory Dynamic strength Trunk strength Static strength Explosive strength Extent flexibility Dynamic flexibility Body coordination Balance Stamina o Job ability fit Levels of diversity How your abilities align with the abilities necessary for job o Surface level diversity gender race ethnicity age or disability o Deep level diversity differences in values personality and work preferences Advantages and disadvantages of diversity Advantages Multiple perspectives Disadvantages ambiguity Greater openness to new ideas complexity New markets Increased creativity Increased flexibility Increased problem solving skills confusion miscommunication Difficulty in reaching agreement Effective diversity management o Teach mangers about the legal framework for equal employment opportunities and encourage fair treatment of all people regardless of their demographic characteristics o Teach managers how a diverse work force will be able to better serve a diverse market of customers and clients o Foster personal development practices that bring out the skills and abilities of all workers acknowledging how differences in perspective can be a valuable way to improve performance for everyone o Examples Initiate Conversations About Differences Ask people about needs and preferences Offer options Personalize your style Build on strengths Pursue different perspectives Manage conflict and timetables Attitudes evaluative statements or judgements concerning objects people or predicting human behavior events o Components of Attitudes Cognitive component the opinion or belief segment of an Affective component the emotional or feeling segment of an attitude attitude Behavioral component an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something Job satisfaction a positive feeling about ones job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics o Higher performance o Organizational citizenship behavior increase o Higher customer satisfaction o Lower absenteeism o Lower turnover o Lower deviance Responses to dissatisfaction o Exit o Voice o Loyalty o Neglect between behavior and attitudes improve conditions Cognitive dissonance any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or Voice dissatisfaction expressed through active and constructive attempts to Affect vs Emotions vs Moods o Affect a broad range of feelings that people experience o Emotions intense feelings that are directed at someone or something o Moods feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus Surface Acting vs Deep Acting o Surface acting Hiding one s inner feelings and forgoing emotional expressions in response to display rules o Deep acting trying to modify one s true inner feelings based on display rules Displayed emotions vs FELT emotions o Displayed emotions that are organizationally required and considered and considered appropriate in a given job o Felt an individuals actual emotions Emotional Intelligence the ability to detect and to manage emotional cues and information Composed of 5 dimensions 1 Self Awareness 2 Self Management 3 Self Motivation 4 Empathy 5 Social Skills Personality enduring characteristics that describe an individuals behavior Values basic
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