2 classes of nephrons coritcal 85 of nephrons and Juxtamedullary 15 of nephrons 2 layers of smooth muscle in the viscera Longitudinal layer parallel to long axis of organ Circular layer deeper layer fibers run around 2 parts of the uterus 3 gastric cells and what they secrete 3 parts of uterine tubes and their location fundus rounded superior portion and cervix neck of uterus mucous neck cells special mucous parietal cells HCL and gastric intrinsic factor chief cells secret pepsin infundibulum distal end ampulla middle isthmus medial closest to body 3 phases of menstrual cycle describe them menstrual Shedding of the functional layer of the endometrium proliferative Rebuilding of the functional layer of the endometrium secretory Begins immediately after ovulation Enrichment of the blood supply and glandular secretion of nutrients prepare the endometrium to receive an embryo 3 regions of male urethra PMS prostatic membranous and spongy urethra 3 subdivisions of the small intestine Duodenum Jejunum Ileum 3 types of saliva glands parotid submandibular sublingual 4 hormones of menstrual cycle LH FSH progesterone estrogen 4 regions of the stomach 4 sections of renal tubule Cardiac region Fundus Body Pyloric region proximal convoluted tubule nephron loop distal convoluted tubule collecting ducts absorption transport of digested nutrients Accessory digestive organs Teeth and tongue Gallbladder salivary glands liver and pancreas anteverted tilted anteriorly arterial support to the testes testicular arteries veins arise from papiniform plexus innvervated by parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the ANS cardiac sphincter closes lumen to prevent stomach acid from entering esophagus chemical digestion Cystic fibrosis and the pancreas defecation reflex complex molecules broken down to chemical components Pancreatic ducts become blocked with mucus Clogged ducts prevent pancreatic juices from entering small intestine Leads to malabsorption of fats and other nutrients normal response to the presence of feces in the rectum normal response to the presence of feces in the rectum defection elimination of indigestible substances as feces exocrine function of the pancreas filtration membrane function of female reproduction Acinar cells make store and secrete pancreatic enzymes Enzymes are activated in the duodenum holds back most proteins lets in water ions glucose amino acids urea produces gametes prepares to support an embryo undergoes changes according to the menstrual cycle function of male reproduction to produce maintain and transport sperm function of the tongue function of urethra function of uterus glomerular capsule glomeruli grips and repositions food helps form some consonants secrete nearly 60 of the volume of semen fructose to nourish semen substances to enhance mobility suppresses immune response against semen enzymes that clot then liquify semen carries sperm from ejaculatory ducts to outside site for implantation of fertilised ova placentation growth and development of the fetus Parietal layer simple squamous epithelium Visceral layer consists of podocytes produce filtrate that becomes urine generates 1L of fluid every 8 minutes glomerulus tuft of fenestrated capillaries greater omentum a fatty apron of peritoneum gross anatomy of the esophagus and where it connects to the stomach anatomy muscular tube that joins the stomach inferior to the diaphragm hepatocyte functional cells of the liver how many deciduous teeth 20 that appear at 6 months how many permanent teeth 32 ingestion occurs in the mouth inter peritoneal organs Juxtaglomerular apparatus kidney functions explain them have mesenteries liver stomach illeum and jejunum transverse colon sigmoid colon regulates blood pressure area of specialized contact between terminal and of limb and afferent arterial initiates renin angiotensin mechanism in response to falling BP regulated blood flow w in glomerulus filtration filtrate blood reabsorption most nutrients water and ions reclaimed secretion active process of removing undesirable molecules kidneys know the major functions of hepatocytes filter liters of fluid from blood maintain the chemical consistency of blood send toxins waste and excess water out of the body Rough ER manufactures blood proteins Smooth ER produces bile salts detoxifies poisons Peroxisomes detoxify poisons alcohol Glycosomes store sugar kupffer cells destroy bacteria the large intestine Digested residue contains few nutrients Small amount of digestion by bacteria Main functions Absorb water and electrolytes lateral ligaments horizontal from cervix and vagina lesser omentum attaches to lesser curvature of stomach location and function of ureters Carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder Oblique entry into bladder prevents backflow of urine location of kidneys retroperitoneally lateral to T12 L3 location of uterus anterior to rectum posterior to bladder is usually anteverted inclined forward major sections of male reproductive system see slide 32 figure 25 1 major stages of labor major structures of mammary glands mechanical digestion 1 dilation 2 more dilation 3 expulsion 4 placental breasts modified sweat glands glandular structure undeveloped in non pregnant women milk production starts at or after childbirth see slide 24 diagram prepares food for chemical digestion chewing churning etc menstrual cycle monthly due to hormonal fluctuations in ovaries and uterus mesentery a double layer of peritoneum that holds organs in place sites of fat storage provides a route for circulatory vessels and nerves mesometrium anchors uterus to lateral pelvic walls the mouth is also known as the oral cavity name the 2 layers of peritoneum visceral surrounds organs parietal lines the body wall Name the 6 Digestive processes I Proposed to My Cat And Dog name the 9 regions of the abdominal surface Ingestion propulsion mechanical digestion chemical digestion absorption defecation Right and left hypochondriac right and left lumbar right and left iliac epigastric umbilical region hypogastric pubic region nephron renal corpuscle first part of nephron includes the glomerulus and glomerular capsule nerve supply to the kidneys comes from the renal plexus network of autonomic fibers oogenesis creation of egg the female gamete organs in epigastric region stomach organs in hyopgastric region urinary bladder organs in left and right hypochondriac R Liver and gallbladder L Diaphragm organs in left and right lumbar R ascending