Software 11 6 12 Computer hardware the physical components of IT Circuit boards connectors computer Software controls the hardware It is everywhere Cameras cell phones cars they all have computers inside of them They are computer controlled Software a computer program that performs some kind of task The computer program is a set of instructions that tells hardware what to do You need to get the instructions right Operating systems OS a special form of software Special set of instructions that control the hardware Protects and controls the hardware If you want the hardware to do something you have to pass the message through the operating system Acts as a gatekeeper Application program software set of instructions geared to perform a specific task like e mail playing music writing a document Hardware Software Layer cake YOU talk to some kind of APPLICATION which controls hardware by talking to an OS OS communicates with HARDWARE which performs some work and comes back up to you Windows runs on multiple versions of PC hardware while Apple only runs on macs Android runs of Samsung Motorola etc iOS only runs on Apple phones Every computing advice must have an operating system There s a lot of OS s out there not just windows and apple But we don t see a lot of them because they are invisible If you lose power on most computers the memory is wiped out Firmware can burn software into it and when you turn the power off you don t lose content Software is embedded in remote control so when you change the batteries and put in new ones remote doesn t lose the memory Software but burned into a memory chip so you don t lose it Embedded system air conditioner remote control Hardware software embedded in a device and its not always obvious that there s a computer inside there Application software what we see and what we use Desktop Software software that is used by a single user If you download something and install it on your machine download an app on your phone Enterprise Software software that is shared by multiple people Like Blackboard Multi user system We can all be signed onto blackboard Gmail you re only looking at your mail but multiple users can be singed onto Gmail at the same time Enterprise Software BI SCM supply chain management software tends to be used by work groups inside an organization CRM customer relations management software whenever you call 1800helpme and get help as soon as they answer the phone they know who you are and can take a look at your account and information ERP Enterprise Resource Planning very expensive very complicated Links all the business functions of your business HR Legal manufacturing etc so anytime anything happens in your company everyone knows about it SAP is biggest vendor or ERP system in country in real world sales people build their systems and don t care about manufacturing Manufacturing builds their system and don t care about HR silo system An ERP starts connecting every system you have in your system When it works it has a big payoff Boeing just released its dreamliners They go out and try to sell 50 to United airline If Boeing has an ERP as soon as that order is registered in system signals get sent to all areas of company Manufacturing finds out it has to build 50 airplanes HR stars staffing up Inventory is examined Accounting is ready for cash flows to support these machines etc Everyone knows what s going on and is communicating with each other Strategic competitive advantage if you can work like this A lot of ERP s fail though A database is a piece of application software Usually lies underneath some kind of application All an e mail system is a database Amazon is a database iTunes is a database Database appears in about 80 of all application software Risks and Rewards of Packaged Enterprise Systems Unfortunately still a lot of silos where systems aren t interconnected Distributed Computing Can take a piece of software and split it into pieces and distribute these pieces across different machines Can improve speed error reduction cost savings This is complex to manage though Security concerns Server fulfills request of a client Does no work until a request comes in gmail server just sits there waiting for a request to come in then shoots the answer out then sits there waiting for next request Supports and fulfills requests from outside users Application server sits in the middle Talks to database gets info gives it back to web server Web services permits interoperability I can operate on multiple different devices API a set of rules that says if you want to talk to me this is how you do it Android publishes an API If you want to talk to an Android OS these are the rules you have to follow Apple publishes an API available to anyone who wants it Anyone can build an app Windows publishes an API SOA Southwest airlines You ve probably noticed that you can book a car or hotel through the website Airline is not in car or hotel business Hertz rental car creates app so that you can rent a car from Hertz on the Southwest website so you don t have to leave Southwest website Same thing with credit cards can pay with credit card without leaving southwest website Looks like its all taking place inside website You have core stuff then get apps form other people and you have a service oriented architecture How do banks talk to each other EDI a set of standards How do banks with diff systems talk to each other Came up with a set of standards so that they could talk to each other as long as they follow these rules Insurance companies have these standards too Desire to come up with a universal EDI so not too many standards out there Came up with XML take data tag it and give it a name Then you can transfer this data across Very simple minded communication system Start tag end tag Picture example start of a tag end of a tag start of a link end of a link Amazon wants to display a bunch of laptops for sale HP DELL etc model type end model type Picture end picture description end description How do you write software In a programming language Instructions you have to tell a machine Languages like javascript Learn the programming language TCO when you re building a system its not just writing a code Software Development Life Cycle SDLC A lot of software projects fail because of PEOPLE not b c of the code Marginal costs for an info good like software are essentially zero Software in Flux 11 8 12 Intro Switching costs from one database product to another can
View Full Document
Unlocking...