General Psychology Chapter 11 The Developing Mind Survival reflexes infants are born with Rooting touch cheek and they open mouth and search for nipple Swallowing put something on lips and they swallow Moro startle them and they arch back arms fling out sideways Grasping put finger in their palm and they ll grasp it Stepping hold them up and they ll step forward Schema a concept or framework that helps us organize and interpret the world around us Assimilation interpreting one s new experiences in terms of an old schema Accommodation modifying one s schema so that it can incorporate new information Piaget s Developmental Stages Sensorimotor stage 0 2 yrs children discover by sensing and doing Children begin differentiating old things and new things Schema of casualty develops If I do A then B happens Object permanence develops awareness that things continue to exist even if not immediately perceived Egocentric thought all about me Preoperational stage 2 6yrs Language develops Theory of mind develops ability to take another s perspective Concrete operational stage 6 12 yrs Conservation develops Formal operational stage 12 yrs Abstract thinking develops Attachment an emotional tie with another person Functions of Early Infant Attachment Safe Haven When distressed an attachment figure provides a source of comfort Secure Base When in new environment an attachment figure offers a source of affection and security that promotes exploration Infant Attachment Styles Secure attachment style In presence of mother child freely explored but may return for reassurance When mother leave child is distressed When mother returns child seeks contact In presence of mother child may explore but less than securely attached child Avoidant attachment style When mother leaves child rarely cries or may show anger When mother returns child avoids her Even in presence of mother child may show anxiety Anxious Ambivalent attachment style When mother leave child is distressed When mother returns child seeks contact but also resists it by kicking or squirming
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