European Court Dance After King Louis XIV Minuet Most popular 18th century dance Dance for 2 people play of courtship Polite distance sexual pull French courtship no touching Allamande Intertwined hand hold Mid 18th century German dance Multiple couples Bridge to more democratic touch Contemporary counterpart swing dance Contradance Late 18th century Less confining Less complex Inclusive classes mixed French Revolution 1789 1799 Society pushing for democracy Contemporary counterpart square dance Ballet practiced Cracker A specific dance form A codified rules dance that was developed out of Renaissance court dance technique that is internationally recognized and A choreographed dance using ballet technique i e Swan Lake The Nut Ballet Early Romantic Classical Contemporary Early contributions to ballet King Louis XIV look up in book Pierre Beauchamp look up in book Jean Georges Noverre The Shakespeare of Ballet look up in book Changing Roles Late 16th century through 17th century introduced Rotation Greater Technical Prowess o Noblemen could not compete Patrons o Dancers Lower Class Women Individual Dance Artist Pure Audience Proscenium Stage Early Ballet Required different body types capabilities relative to the role Four Styles Serious Half serious Comic Grotesque Note The last 2 include elements from folk dance acrobatics specialty acts Ballet D action The French Revolution Early styles blended more egalitarian Dancers required to perform all styles Early court ballet deemed shallow Victorian Era 1832 1901 Romantic Ballet 19th Century Women mysterious not fully clothed see through clothing engaged in secretive activity out in nature Seen as fragile physically less capable than men mentally less intelligent and emotionally Object protected desired by man Overt sexuality mental illness Slowly gaining rights ex vote property child custody 19th Century Romantic Ballet MAN WOMEN Creator Muse Choreographer Dancer Teacher Performer Protector On a pedestal Hero Supernatural Enchantress Introspective Spiritual Expressive Desirous Unattainable The Industrial Revolution Rise of the ballerina Evolution of the pointe shoe Development of gas lights reflectors Introduction of the tutu By the 1830 s the female dancer had developed into the ballerina that we see today La Sylphide Sylphide is a winged ethereal spirit of the air Music Jean Schneitzhoeffer Dancers Carla Fracci Peter Schaufuss Flippo Taglioni choreographed in 1832 Look up in book Maria Taglioni Look up in book Margot Fonteyn 1921 1991 Rudolph Nureyev 1940 1993 They met and became dance partners in 1963 She was 42 he was 23 They danced together for 15 years Les Sylphides Poet dances with sylphs in forest Created by a 20th century choreographer o Choreography Michel Fokine 1908 Music Frederic Chopin Dancers Margot Fonteyn Rudolph Nureyev with artists from The Royal Ballet 1963 Romanticism in Later Ballets What characteristics of Romantic ballet are present in this later ballet Graceful and affectionate Man is looking for the woman Lifts represent women on a pedestal What elements are NOT keeping with Romantic ballet Men and women touching Men dancing more Large amount of women on stage Classical Ballet Late 19th century Classical Ballet Technical virtuosity Technique Elaborate state effects Use of music integral music written only for ballet Academic ballet technique given more weight than emotional content Meaning less important BUT narrative still very clear favoring fairytales and fables Ethereal women out in the forest wearing wings Women continue to be featured as ethereal beings that represent an ideal like in Romantic ballet The Principal Dancers Most talented most sought after dancers in the ballet company Number 1 Primary Soloists Technically gifted Supporting role The Corps Group of dancers 30 must move as one Supporting Role Without them wouldn t be the same Concepts of Classical Ballet Choreography Clarity Harmony Order Symmetry Formal values stressed Also ostentatious stage design The male dancer gains more of a foothold in the studio and on the stage Men continue to control the creation and production of ballet Ballet Class Barre Center adagio slow Allegro fast traveling Petit Allegro domain of women small jumps changing feet Grand Allegro domain for men large fast movements Bigger versions of petit allegro Grand pas de deux Step for two Features principal dancers Climax of the ballet Adagio slow duet Solos displaying technical skills Final code reuniting duet Grand Pas De Deux Don Quixote Original Choreography Marius Petipa 1989 Re choreographed by Rudolph Nereyev 1973 Music Ludwig Leon Minkus Dancers Lucette Aldous Rudolph Nureyev with artists from The Australian Ballet loosely based on the novel by Miguel de Cervantes Noverre mounted his own version after an Austrian original in 1768 Technique Let s Dance pirouettes Marius Petipa Original Choreographer of Don Quixote 1880 1910 The Father of Classical Ballet Petipa s Legacy Found that research and preparation are important Worked with composers and designers Greatly expanded role of male dancer Laid foundation for 20th century ballet Lev Ivanov 1843 1901 Dancer Choreographer Assistant Both helped to define what classical ballet is Both Created The Nutcracker Swan Lake Ivanov Created Cinderella Coppelia Petipa Created Don Quixote The Sleeping Beauty La Bayadere Swan Lake Choreography 1877 Petipa and Ivanov Music Peter Tchaikovsky Performance German Ballet in Berlin