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Chapter 16 Taxon group of species that has a name i e mammals reptiles humans Clade any taxon that consists of all evolutionary descendants of common ancestors Synapomorphies Derived traits that shared among a group of organisms Convergent evolution similar traits that may evolve independently in different lineages Homoplasises similar traits generated by convergent evolution and evolutionary reversals Parsimony principle simplest explanation of observed data Monophyletic taxon contains ancestor and all descendants of ancestor and no other oganisms Polyphyletic group doesn t include common ancestor Paraphyletic group that does not include all descendants of a common ancestor
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